false dichotomy argument targets specific person issue hand

A false dichotomy is an argument that targets a specific person instead of the issue at hand.

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Terms in this set (23)

CLAIMS OF FACT

An argument that focuses on whether something is or is not true or is not true or whether something will or will not happen

RED HERRING

an argument that introduces an irrelevant or unrelated topic into the discussion to divert attention from the issue at hand. "immigration reform is unnecessary at this time because the president's approval ratings are low and the Keystone Pipeline will create more jobs."

CLAIMS OF VALUE

An argument that addresses issues of judgement

TOASTS

a brief tribute to a person or an event being celebrated

DEDUCTIVE REASONING

Reasoning from a general condition to a specific instance.

SYLLOGISM

A set of propositions to be proved, that lead to a conclusion; a three-part argument that consists of a general case or major premise, a specific case or minor premise, and a conclusion

CLAIMS OF POLICY

An argument that recommends that a specific course of action be taken, or approved, by an audience.

AWARD PRESENTATIONS/SPEECH OF PRESENTATION

Call for presentation speeches that acknowledge accomplishments, for example, and acceptance speeches that display gratitude.

ACCEPTANCE SPEECH

made in response to receiving an award. To express gratitude for the honor bestowed on the speaker.

HASTY GENERALIZATIONS

a fallacy of reasoning in which a speaker attempts to support a claim by asserting that a particular piece of evidence (an isolated instance) is true for all conditions concerned.

SPECIAL OCCASION SPEECHES

is one that is prepared for a specific occasion and for a purpose dictated by that occasion. (Entertain, celebrate, commemorate, inspire, or set a social agenda.)

SPEECHES OF INTRODUCTION

is a short speech with two goals: to prepare or "warm up" the audience for the speaker and to motivate audience members to listen to what the main speaker has to say.

COMMEMORATIVE SPEECHES/TRIBUTES

an event or a person (at dedications of memorials or at gatherings held in some dedications of memorials or at gatherings held in someone's honor), listeners expect the speaker to offer remembrance and tribute.

AD HOMINEM

an argument that targets a person instead of the issue at hand in an attempt to incite an audience's dislike for that person.

COMMENCEMENT ADDRESSES/SPEECH OF INSPIRATION

an event or a person (at dedications of memorials or at gatherings held in someone's honor), listeners expect the speaker to offer remembrance and tribute.

CAUSAL REASONING

The speaker offers a cause and effect relationship as proof of the claim, arguing that one event, circumstance, or idea (the Cause) is the reason (effect) for another.

AD POPULUM/BANDWAGON FALLACY

an argument that uses (unsubstantiated) general opinion as its (false) basis.

INDUCTIVE AND DEDUCTIVE REASONING

Reasoning from specific instances to a general condition

EULOGIES

Balance delivery and emotions

Refer to the family of the deceased

Be positive but realistic

EITHER/OR FALLACY

(false dichotomy) An argument stated in terms of only two alternatives, even though there may be many additional alternatives. "Either you're with us or against us."

FALLACIOUS/FAULTY REASONING (LOGICAL FALLACIES)

...

TYPES OF FALLACIES

Begging the question, bandwagoning, Either-or fallacy, Ad hominem argument, Red herring, hasty generalization, Non sequitur ("does not follow"), slippery slope

AFTER-DINNER SPEECHES

is just as likely to occur before, during, or after a lunch seminar or other type of business, professional, or civic meeting as it is to follow a formal dinner.

Recognize the occasion (canned speech)
Balance seriousness with light-heartedness
Avoid stand-up comedy

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What is false dichotomy quizlet?

(Either/Or choices) False Dichotomy. reduce complicated issues to only two possible courses of action ex)"Because of the violence, TV must be either allowed or banned." False Need. arguments create an unnecessary desire for things.

What is an example of a false dichotomy?

The terms “false dilemma” and “false dichotomy” are often used interchangeably. Example: You can either get married or be alone for the rest of your life. False dichotomies are related to false dilemmas because they both prompt listeners to choose between two unrelated options.

What is false dichotomy in psychology?

A false dilemma, also referred to as false dichotomy, is an informal fallacy based on a premise that erroneously limits what options are available. The source of the fallacy lies not in an invalid form of inference but in a false premise.

What is the meaning of false dilemma?

Sometimes called the “either-or” fallacy, a false dilemma is a logical fallacy that presents only two options or sides when there are many options or sides. Essentially, a false dilemma presents a “black and white” kind of thinking when there are actually many shades of gray.

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