Candidates challenging an incumbent in a house election _____ fall short of their fundraising needs.

All candidates for congressional office are not situated equally. Members of Congress running for reelection

~Those candidates running against incumbents face a steep uphill battle raising enough campaign funds to pose a real threat to their seasoned opponents.
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This is one of the main reason why incumbents (of an official or regime; currently holding office) rarely lose office, and it is one of the major component sod the incumbency advantage.

-Deeper pockets are not the only advantage incumbents possess. Their work in Congress provides them with opportunities to build name recognition with constituents---an asset when voters scan through ballot choices on Election Day.

Additionally, the franking privilege gives members of Congress the opportunity to advertise their bill sponsorship, committee work, voting record, and policy positions back home in the district.

They also have opportunities to make media appearances speaking on behalf of their parties, their committees, their policy initiatives, and topics of concern to their constituents.

Finally, members are able to perform casework for constituents, assisting them in dealing with federal agencies on issues ranging from a missed Social Security check to an expedited passport.
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Through these activities and others, members of Congress establish a record of service on behalf of their districts, an electoral advantage that is difficult for challengers without on the-job experience to match.

Clearly, the vast majority of incumbents hold their seats from one term to the next.
~Most of the time, over 90 percent of incumbents who run are reelected while less than 10 percent of them lose in any given election cycle.

Often, incumbents who anticipate strong electoral competition choose to retire rather than face possible defeat. These retirements create open-seat elections---the most competitive of all congressional races.
~The election cycle just after redistricting is usually accompanied by increased retirements because members face changes to the geographical boundaries of their districts.
-These alterations bring in new constituents (voter, elector) less familiar with the member and his or her service.
~Finally, incumbents are vulnerable when they have been the subjects of scandal.

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