Confidence intervals reflect the precision of the estimated association Quizlet

Each participant is presented with all levels of the IV

The same participants are tested more than once, and the DV is compared within the same participant (i.e., how different is a participants score at time point 1 to time point 2?)

Repeated measured design
Participants are measured on a dv more than once, after exposure to each level on iv

Concurrent-measures design
Participants are exposed to all the levels on an iv at roughly the same time, and a single attitude or behavior preference is the dv

Advantages
Participants in your groups are equivalent because they are the same participants and serve as their own controls.
Fewer participants than other designs.

Disadvantages
Order/learning/practice effects: When being exposed to one condition affects how participants respond to other conditions
can be mitigated by counterbalancing
Participants may be more likely to drop out if the experiment requires more than one session
Experiencing all levels of the independent variable (IV) changes the way participants act (demand characteristics)

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Identify the associations as either statistically significant or not statistically significant.
Statistically Significant
r = −.42, 95% CI [−.20, −.64]
r = .23, 95% CI [.03, .40]
r = .65, 95% CI [.33, .97]
Not Statistically Significant
r = −.35, 95% CI [−.71, .01]
r = .25, 95% CI [−.15, .55]
r = −.41, 95% CI [−.85, .03]

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1. Statement that the study involves research, an explanation of the purposes of the research and the expected duration of the subject's participation, a description of the procedures to be followed, and identification of any procedures which are experimental.

2. Description of any reasonably foreseeable risks or discomforts to the subject.

3. Description of any benefits to the subjects or to others which may reasonably be expected from the research.

4. Disclosure of appropriate alternative procedures or courses of treatment, if any, that might be advantageous to the subject.

5. Statement describing the extent, if any, to which confidentiality of records identifying the subject will be maintained and noting the possibility that the FDA may inspect the records.

6. For research involving more than minimal risk, explanation as to whether any compensation and/or medical treatments are available if injury occurs and, if so, what they consist of, or where further information may be obtained

7. Explanation of whom to contact for answers to pertinent questions about the research and research subjects rights, and whom to contact in the event of a research-related injury to the subject.

8. A statement that participation is voluntary, that refusal to participate will involve no penalty or loss of benefits to which the subject is otherwise entitled, and that the subject may discontinue participation at any time without penalty or loss of benefits to which the subject is otherwise entitled.

While reading news online, Johan comes across the headline "When stress is increased, men rush ahead, women more cautious." (The article is based on a study conducted by Lighthall et al., 2011.) In this study, researchers asked men and women to perform a decision task as many times as possible in a set period, in either a stressed or an unstressed condition. In the unstressed condition, men and women performed similarly. However, in the stressed condition, the number of decision tasks that men performed increased, while the number that women performed decreased.
Identify each element of this study as either a variable or a constant.

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