Upgrade to remove ads Show
Only ₩37,125/year
Review terms and definitions
Focus your studying with a path
Take a practice test
Get faster at matching terms Terms in this set (25)Classical Conditioning Based upon the pioneering work of Ivan Pavlov. The learning process that occurs when a previously neutral stimulus (a ringing bell) is repeatedly paired with an unconditioned stimulus (food) to elicit a conditioned response (salivation). Unconditioned Stimulus A natural stimulus (food) that reflexively elicits a response (salivation) without the need for prior learning. Unconditioned Response An unlearned response (salivation) that is elicited by an unconditioned stimulus (food). Neutral Stimulus A stimulus (ringing bell) that produces no conditioned response prior to learning. Conditioned Stimulus The conditioned stimulus was originally the neutral stimulus. When systematically paired with the unconditioned stimulus (food), the neutral stimulus (the ringing bell) becomes a conditioned stimulus as it gains the power to cause a response. Conditioned Response A conditioned response is a learned response elicited by the conditioned stimulus. Extinction The gradual weakening of a conditioned behavior when the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented without the unconditioned stimulus. Stimulus Generalization
Occurs when stimuli that are similar to the original stimulus also elicit the conditioned response. For example, a three-year-old child is frightened by a white rabbit. A few days later, the same child sees a white fur coat and becomes frightened. Stimulus Discrimination The ability to distinguish between two similar stimuli. For example, a person who is fearful of poison oak leaves, but not oak tree leaves, is exhibiting stimulus discrimination. Operant Conditioning A learning process in which behavior is shaped and maintained by consequences (rewards or punishments) that follow a response. In contrast, in classical conditioning behavior is controlled by the stimuli that precede a response. Reinforcement Reinforcement strengthens a response and makes it more likely to occur. Positive Reinforcement A situation in which a behavior or response is followed by the addition of a reinforcing stimulus. The stimulus increases the probability that the response will occur again. Negative Reinforcement A situation in which a behavior or response is followed by the removal of an aversive stimulus. Negative reinforcement increases the likelihood of a behavior by enabling a person to either escape an existing aversive stimulus or avoid an aversive stimulus before it occurs. Premack Principle States that the opportunity to engage in a preferred activity can be used to reinforce a less-preferred activity. Continuous Reinforcement A reinforcement schedule in which all correct responses are reinforced. Shaping The technique of strengthening behavior by reinforcing successive approximations of a behavior until the entire correct routine is displayed. Intermittent Reinforcement The rewarding of some, but not all, correct responses. Fixed Ratio Schedule Reinforcement occurs after a predetermined set of responses. For example, you are paid for every two lawns you mow. Variable Ratio Schedule Reinforcement is unpredictable because the ratio varies. For example, casino slot machines use a variable ratio schedule. Fixed Interval Schedule Reinforcement occurs after a predetermined time has elapsed. For example, you receive a paycheck every Friday. Variable Interval Schedule Reinforcement occurs unpredictably since the time interval varies. For example, your teacher gives unannounced pop quizzes. Punishment Punishment is a process in which a behavior is followed by an aversive consequence that decreases the likelihood of the behavior being repeated. Positive Punishment Adding an aversive stimulus that weakens a response and makes it less likely to recur. Negative Punishment Taking away a stimulus that weakens a response and makes it less likely to recur. Observational Learning Occurs by watching others and then imitating or modeling the observed behavior. Recommended textbook solutions Biology1st EditionKenneth R. Miller, Levine 2,470 solutions Elevate Middle Grade Science 2019 Life Student EditionPrentice Hall 386 solutions Holt Biology1st EditionJohnson, Peter H. Raven 1,596 solutions Interactive Science: Human Body SystemsSavvas Learning Co 264 solutions Sets with similar termsChapter 633 terms Kelly_Cryts Chapter 633 terms madeline_goode psyc ch. 665 terms jdenneen25 AP Psych Learning Vocab40 terms haleystump Sets found in the same folderHistory and Approaches Key Terms6 terms mando_z6 Research Methods18 terms mando_z6 Biological Bases of Behavior13 terms mando_z6 Sensation and Perception9 terms mando_z6 Verified questionsBIOLOGY Relate the types of pigments involved in photosynthesis and their roles. Verified answer
BIOLOGY Identify and describe a cellular process that maintains homeostasis within a cell. Verified answer
BIOLOGY A population will likely enter a long-term high growth rate when many individuals are which? A. below the main reproductive age. B. just above the main reproductive age. C. at the middle of the main reproductive age. D. at the upper end of the main reproductive age. Verified answer BIOLOGY Name these compounds. (a) $$ K_2O $$ (b) $$ CuS $$ (c) $$ Na_3PO_4 $$ (d) $$ Pb(OH)_2, $$ (e) $$ HNO_3(aq), $$ (f) $$ CO $$ , (g) $$ NO $$ Verified answer Other Quizlet setsITN101 CHAPTER 131 terms TurnerSAsiaPLUS GCSE PE Energy Use Diet & Nutrition30 terms MrErringtonPE Week 2123 terms veronica_bendix9PLUS Seven Ages ~ 513 terms Esmeebax Related questionsQUESTION What are lidocane and mineral oil used to extract from people? 15 answers QUESTION What traits do animals and fungi share? 12 answers QUESTION When is it appropriate to use shaping? 15 answers QUESTION The best strategy to teach an organism a new response quickly is to use 15 answers Is the removal of a stimulus that increases the likelihood of that response?In an attempt to increase the likelihood of a behavior occurring in the future, an operant response is followed by the removal of an aversive stimulus. This is negative reinforcement.
What is the removal of a stimulus following a given behavior?Negative Punishment. The removal of a stimulus following a given behavior in order to decrease the frequency of that behavior.
Which of the following consequences increases the likelihood that a behavior will occur in the future quizlet?states that behaviors followed by positive consequences are strengthened, while behaviors followed by negative consequences are weakened. says that if some random actions are followed by a pleasurable consequence or reward, such actions are strengthened and will likely occur in the future.
What type of learning involves a reduction in responding following repeated exposure to a stimulus?Habituation: a general process in which repeated or prolonged exposure to a stimulus results in a gradual reduction in responding.
|
Is the removal of a stimulus that increases the likelihood of that response occurring again quizlet?
Urheberrechte © © 2024 WIKIFI Inc.
