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The speaking form that was originally called epideictic speaking by the ancient Greeks refers to what type of speaking?
informative
influence
ceremonial
after dinner
exculpatory
Ceremonial
Joann has been studying politics since she was in elementary school. Now as a senior in college running for town mayor, she wants to be viewed as an individual who contributes new ideas that help various aspects of society. What is Joann hoping to be viewed as?
politician
thought leader
persuader
rhetorical thinker
informative speaker
thought leader
Which of the following statements is true about taking a public speaking course?
students who take a public speaking will have their fears of public speaking decrease.
public speaking will help fine-tune your verbal skills but not your nonverbal skills.
oral communication skills are not rated highly upon graduation by college graduations.
public speaking is not a course that will help you develop your critical thinking skills.
public speaking is important for the business world but not for religious figures
students who take a public speaking course will have their fears of public speaking decrease
After listening to Charlie's speech, Jack thinks about the speech and attempts to interpret Charlie's central message. What process is Jack exhibiting?
encoding
decoding
communicating
verbal delivery
nonverbal feedback
decoding
How a person's culture, experiences, and heredity influence her or his ability to communicate with another person or persons is referred to as her or his __________.
interpersonal responsiveness
interpersonal assertiveness
field of experience
transactional experience
transrelational experience
field of experience
When you prepare an audience analysis, you should try to:
find out whether they would be willing to pay to hear your speech.
ignore responses that don't make sense or are irrelevant to your topic.
learn what the audience already knows or believes about your topic.
make sure all survey questions are neutral and non-threatening.
quote something from the responses at least once during your speech.
learn what the audience already knows or believes about your topic
Situational analysis is concerned with such things as:
current social realities like immigration and the economy.
voluntariness of the audience, occasion, and audience size.
whether or not your speech will treat audience members fairly.
your motivations behind your choice of your topic.
your speech's position on a list of many presentations.
voluntariness of the audience, occasion, and audience size
Which of the following statements is NOT true about preparing content with your audience in mind?
you need to carefully think through your approach to the content.
you can find a topic that is interesting to you as an individual and your audience.
you can ensure that your topic is clear for your intended audience.
you can avoid using poorly chosen words.
you can ensure that your speech will be persuasive.
you can ensure that your speech will persuasive
Public speaking is an activity that is:
academically-centered.
audience-centered.
delivery-centered.
information-centered.
research-centered.
audience- centered
Audience analysis gathers information about the audience in order to:
decide how to get them to agree with you.
figure out how to impress them with your perspectives.
find a topic that will be entirely new to them.
learn something deeply personal about them.
understand their needs, values, and expectations.
understand their needs, values, and expectations
Communication apprehension is:
fictional; it's an excuse for laziness.
easily overcome by ignoring the audience.
an outcome of having a negative attitude.
the psychological response to evaluation.
a symptom of an antisocial personality.
the psychological response to an evaluation
Imagining the audience as naked:
diverts the speaker's attention from the task at hand.
helps a speaker focus on the content of the speech.
helps a speaker reduce communication anxiety.
increases the danger of an inappropriate comment.
is a strategy used by most professional speakers.
diverts the speakers attention from the task at hand
You can manage speaking anxiety by:
avoiding eye contact with members of the audience.
knowing the audience won't perceive your level of nervousness.
making sure your speech is sophisticated and therefore impressive.
pretending the audience doesn't speak English.
using impressive visual aids to distract the audience.
knowing the audience wont perceive your level of nervousness
An example of a communication setting that often produces context anxiety is:
baseball practice.
field trips.
formal occasions.
high school reunions.
study groups.
formal occasions
Isometric exercises can be used to:
divert your attention away from your upcoming speech.
improve your personal appearance for a speech.
increase the strength of your lungs and larynx.
make your gestures more graceful and fluid.
relax your muscles and reduce physical stiffness.
relax your muscles and reduce physical stiffness
Knowledge sharing refers to:
acting as a liaison between groups and gaining recognition from it.
alerting the audience to potential problems so they can be vigilant.
delivering information or expertise to people who will benefit from it.
networking with various groups in order to elicit appropriate responses.
selecting the relevant facts for people or groups who need them.
delivering information or expertise to people who will benefit from it
Which question should you ask yourself when narrowing your speech?
Can I reasonably hope to inform or persuade the audience within the time frame?
Is this a topic for which I will have to do a lot of time-consuming research?
Is this topic one that will leave the audience with a positive impression of me?
Will my topic impress my audience enough to make them see me in a new light?
Will the topic be exceptional enough to inspire questions from the audience?
can i reasonably hope to inform or persuade the audience within the time frame?
What is a statement that starts with a general purpose and is followed by a specification of one's audience, the actual topic a speaker has chosen, and the basic objective the speaker hopes to accomplish with the speech?
general purpose
thesis statement
specific purpose
thesis idea
general idea
specific purpose
What is referred to as the set of circumstances surrounding someone's speech?
historical context
historical perspective
rhetorical device
rhetorical intent
rhetorical situation
rhetorical situation
What is wrong with the following specific purpose? "To persuade about the usefulness of flossing one's teeth daily."
no general purpose.
doesn't answer the "what" question.
doesn't have a clear preposition following the general purpose.
doesn't specify a clear audience.
doesn't explain the speakers ultimate objective.
doesn't specify a clear audience
During the middle of a speech, the speaker says that "this community is highly discriminatory." The word "discriminatory" in this context is considered what?
abstract
behavioral
concrete
intangible
physical
abstract
What are the three basic goals of informative speaking?
accuracy, clarity, and listener interest
persuasibility, clarity, and accuracy
knowledge presentation, clarity, and accuracy
persuasibility, clarity, and listener interest
clarity, knowledge presentation, and listener interest
accuracy, clarity, and listener interest
Which of the following is NOT a recommendation for making information clear and interesting for an audience?
adjust complexity to the audience
avoid unnecessary jargon
create abstract images
keep information limited
link current knowledge to new knowledge
create abstract images
During a speech on time management, Darlene uses the phrase "completion of the task" instead of "success" to ensure that her phrasing is what?
abstract
behavioral
concrete
intangible
physical
concrete
The main points in the body of the speech are:
cues that help the audience give an appropriate response.
important facts and concepts your audience should know.
the key ideas to enable the speech to accomplish its purpose.
points during which you must reclaim audience attention.
seemingly small, but very important details that matter.
the key ideas to enable the speech to accomplish its purpose
In deciding what your main points should be, you should consider:
the element of surprise that will get and hold the attention of the audience.
including a review of information the audience may have forgotten.
making a statement about your commitment to disagree with experts.
using main points that will pique the curiosity of audience members.
what information your audience needs in order to understand your topic
what information your audience needs in order to understand your topic
Once you generate a list of many possible main points, you should ask:
can they become bullet points?
do they fit together coherently?
how can I make use of them all?
should I create acronyms?
which ones are most impressive
do they fit together coherently?
A categorical/topic speech pattern is:
defining terms in ways specific to the purpose of a speech.
the organization of chunks of information that go together.
a pattern of stating something categorically, then proving it.
a speech structure that presents questions followed by answers.
a way of comparing and contrasting different things or ideas.
the organization of chunks of information that go together
A transition is a sentence or phrase in which the speaker:
distinguishes the differences between two of the main points.
moves from one topic to another, unrelated purpose and topic.
reminds the audience that their understanding is important.
summarizes what was said and previews what will come next.
tells listeners how he or she became expert on a specific point.
summarizes what was said and previews what will come next
Signposts are used to:
cite the source of evidence or information.
help listeners follow along during a speech.
guide listeners toward the conclusion.
make the information more memorable.
persuade listeners to trust the speaker.
help listeners follow along during a speech
Extemporaneous speaking is:
a careful word-for-word reading of a prepared message.
delivery of a carefully planned and rehearsed speech using notes.
the delivery of a speech prepared by a person who can't attend.
the presentation of a short message with no advance preparation.
speaking that emphasizes meanings through subtle vocal cues.
delivery of carefully planned and rehearsed speech using notes
The nonverbal part of your speech:
comes naturally; you should not have to think about it.
convinces the audience that you are honest and relaxed.
emerges after you have memorized the speech.
provides a way to dramatize your most important ideas.
reveals your credibility, sincerity, and knowledge
reveals your credibility, sincerity, and knowledge
If your audience is large:
adapt your word choices to be more theatrical.
generate enthusiasm and evoke audience response.
imitate the vocal techniques of famous speakers.
make a positive comment about the great turnout.
rely on your preparation for an effective speech.
rely on your preparation for an effective speech
Speaking from notecards instead of a manuscript:
adds to your credibility as a speaker.
creates an illusion of speaker preparation.
detracts from your credibility as a speaker.
indicates it will be a very short speech.
tells listeners the speaker is unprepared.
adds to your credibility as a speaker
When you prepare your speaking notecards:
be sure to use full grammatical sentences.
include all the details you intend to present.
put key words and phrases on your cards.
use a separate card for each paragraph.
use small cards that are easy to hide.
put key words and phrases on your card
An extemporaneous speaker uses notecards because:
it's easier to conceal notecards than full sheets.
they are less likely to rip if the speaker is nervous.
a manuscript can get wrinkled and dog-eared.
there is potential for good audience contact.
he or she can present a speech without practicing.
there s potential for good audience contact
Conversational public speaking style is:
careful, restrained, and precisely worded.
characterized by informal colloquialisms and slang.
expressive and perceived by the audience as natural.
a style used when the audience is homogeneous.
unprepared, unrehearsed, uncontrived, and easy.
expressive and perceived by the audience as natural
A good delivery is:
a memorable presentation that uses dramatic gestures.
a presentation given by an appealing, charismatic speaker.
a presentation that excites and energizes the audience.
presenting a clear, coherent message in an interesting way.
a ringing delivery that evokes strong audience response.
presenting a clear, coherent message in an interesting way
The nonverbal aspects of delivery:
are the strategies a speaker uses to get audience attention.
determine whether or not the audience likes the speaker.
have a profound influence on audience comprehension.
help the speaker as he or she presents his or her message.
should be limited to presenting visual or audio aids.
have a profound influence on audience comprehension
Eye contact can be a powerful tool because it:
conveys a charismatic quality.
has the power to convey meanings.
keeps the audience under control.
shows that the speaker is an expert.
is a sign that the speaker is professional.
has the power to convey meanings
A very important step to be taken in a speech introduction is to:
clearly explain the purpose of the speech.
do something dramatic to get attention.
exhibit the speaker's animated personality.
relax the audience by making them laugh.
use abstract language to elicit a response.
clearly explain the purpose of the speech
Providing a preview in your introduction means:
the audience can decide whether or not to pay attention.
it will be substantially easier for you to memorize the speech.
your audience will perceive you as organized and credible.
you will give listeners time to change their expectations.
you will pique the interest of some people and lose others.
your audience will perceive you as organized and credible
Aristotle's concept of ethos is related to:
analysis.
charisma.
credibility.
expertise.
interest.
credibility
An attention-getting device at the start of a speech should:
ask a question of a controversial nature that will astonish the audience.
be unexpected, challenging, cutting-edge, titillating, or recognizable.
consider appropriateness to the audience, topic, purpose, and occasion.
explain to the audience why they have an obligation to show respect.
tell the audience why the speaker feels compelled to choose the topic.
consider appropriateness to the audience, topic, purpose, and occasion.
A good thesis statement:
avoids stating opinions or judgments.
challenges conventional knowledge.
clearly reflects the topic of the speech.
develops an idea in thorough detail.
is the one thing you should not edit.
clearly reflects the topic of the speech
When a speech has an ineffective ending:
listeners will be understanding and thank the speaker.
a speaker can hide it by asking if there are any questions.
the speaker should apologize and thank the audience.
the speech loses energy and the audience is disappointed.
the strength of the speech's message makes up for it.
the speech loses energy and the audience is disappointed
The serial position effect is the:
perceived importance of items or information at the top of a list.
perceived sophistication of ideas near the beginning of a speech.
reason why an effective thesis statement is crucially important.
relief audiences feel when they sense the end of a presentation.
tendency to better remember items at the beginning or end of a list.
tendency to better remember items at the beginning or ending of a list
The conclusion of your speech is:
the best place to thank your audience for listening.
the last chance you have to drive home your ideas.
an opportunity to add any last-minute comments.
where you present the most important information.
where you present the most memorable information.
the last chance you have to drive home your ideas
Restating your thesis in the conclusion:
is an exact, word-for-word repetition of your thesis statement.
reminds listeners of the major purpose or goal of the speech.
signals your steadfast, unshakable commitment to your beliefs.
tells the audience you have stayed on message consistently.
will most likely be boring to even the most interested listeners.
reminds listeners of the major purpose or goals of the speech
A concluding device is:
a captivating remark you wish listeners to contemplate.
a compelling statement specifically saved to be said last.
a directive statement telling the audience what to do.
the mental picture you want your members to remember.
a question leaving the listeners curious and motivated.
the mental picture you want your members to remember
saying that reseach is a process and not an event, means:
that a great deal of research is done before a topic is chosen
that part of doing research is complining a lengthy list of sources
the process of research is never over, there is no end point
the steps taken to do research require an investment of time
the steps taken to do research require an investment of time
the three end results that researchers strive towards are:
achievement, status and fame
ethics, logic, and reputation
facts, theories, and applications
organization, clarity, and status
speed, accuracy, and completion
facts, theories, and application
information to use in speeches is available in:
blogs, where information is suited to the audience
enculopedias, where infomation is very detailed
many electronic, print, and audi- visual formats
scholarly books, the onlu real high-quality source
wikipedia, where information is extremely reliable
many electronic print and audio visual formats
citing your sources of research information is important becayse
failure to site can result in a poor grade for the speech
a good "works citied" page tends to be impressive
it can prove to your audience that you are intellegent
you are ethically obligated to give credit to the source
you should try to match the same format others are using
you are ethically obligated to give credit to the source
when you cite your sources of information you should
cite them clearly within your speech and in your "works cited"
a speech needs a full sentance outline because
needs to be orgnized into logical patterns
a full sentance outline test the scope of your content because
you make each of the main points explicate the thesis directly
an effective transition between main points
is a gateway to help listeners understand when a speaker is moving on
your speaking outline
includes less detail than your full sentence outline
making each main point follow the same structure and kind of language is an example of
parallelsim