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Check out the new look and enjoy easier access to your favorite features In order to continue enjoying our site, we ask that you confirm your identity as a human. Thank you very much for your cooperation. We do not do your homework for you. Although it might take more effort to do the work on your own, you will profit more from your effort. We will be happy to evaluate your work though. What are your choices? hey tempest you there dis guy needs some help and you the legend to do it and i may need some help to. 902ueruqhr9hqer9h Question 15 pts Which situation was a direct result of the Protestant Reformation in western Europe? Group of answer choices European rulers established religious freedom for their subjects Women assumed leadership in most Christian denominations The Pope was removed as leader of the Catholic Church The religions of the people of Europe became more diverse Flag question: Question 2 Question 25 pts “. . . Therefore those preachers of indulgences are in error, who say that by the pope’s indulgences a man is freed from every penalty, and saved; . . .” — Martin Luther Which period in European history is most directly related to this statement? Group of answer choices Protestant Reformation Renaissance Scientific Revolution Age of Exploration Flag question: Question 3 Question 35 pts Which innovation had the greatest impact on the Protestant Reformation? Group of answer choices magnetic compass triangular sail astrolabe movable-type printing press Flag question: Question 4 Question 45 pts 95 theises cartoon.png Why is the posting of the document illustrated in the cartoon above considered by many to be a turning point in history? Group of answer choices The Roman Catholic Church unified the German states The Pope’s right to sell indulgences was strengthened Martin Luther soon became the leader of Germany The power of the Roman Catholic Church was lessened and royal power grew Flag question: Question 5 Question 55 pts “Kings and Princes coin money only out of metals, but the Pope coins money out of everything, -- indulgences, ceremonies, dispensations, pardons; all fish come to his net.” -- Martin Luther, 1519 In this passage, what is Martin Luther presenting? Group of answer choices His objections to using only metals as the basis for money His justification for the dethroning of an absolute monarch His plan for economic change in Central Europe His objections to practices of the Catholic Church Flag question: Question 6 Question 65 pts How did the Renaissance contribute to the Age of Exploration? Group of answer choices by awakening a spirit of discovery and innovation in Europe by persuading Europeans that the pursuit of wealth was all-important by emphasizing the importance of converting people to Buddhism by fostering a belief in the importance of working as a group Flag question: Question 7 Question 75 pts During the Italian Renaissance, artists and thinkers rediscovered classical knowledge and art. As part of that process some artists, particularly Leonardo da Vinci began to challenge the explanations for the natural world offered by the Church. How did Renaissance art influence modern society? Group of answer choices Artists lost importance once they began to challenge social norms. Art became the only way through which to question society Monarchs became the only people who could gain access to knowledge Intellectuals began to explore scientific explanations for the world Flag question: Question 8 Question 85 pts Which statement best expresses an idea held by many Renaissance humanist philosophers? Group of answer choices People should study worldly subjects as well as sacred matters Individuals should withdraw from the world and study religion Scholars should dedicate themselves to the study of life after death Governments should establish overseas empires Flag question: Question 9 Question 95 pts The Renaissance in western Europe is best described as a period marked by Group of answer choices great intellectual and artistic creativity an advance of Muslim culture unquestioned reliance on the teachings of Aristotle Christian unity throughout the region Flag question: Question 10 Question 105 pts What is a major reason that the Renaissance began in Italy? Group of answer choices merchants supported the Green Revolution farmers produced great agricultural surpluses on vast plains Italian city-states had grown wealthy from trade between Europe and Asia many European scholars had migrated to this area Flag question: Question 11 Question 115 pts Literacy rates rise. Shakespeare's sonnets circulated. Secular ideas spread. Which innovation led directly to these developments? Group of answer choices caravel astrolabe paper currency printing press Flag question: Question 12 Question 125 pts Which statement describes a direct effect of the Renaissance on Western Europe? Group of answer choices the philosophy of humanism brought about a decrease in the power of the Roman Catholic Church the feudal system was developed to provide stability in a decentralized political structure art began to reflect an increased emphasis on religious themes nationalistic movements among the minority ethnic groups in the region declines Flag question: Question 13 Question 135 pts What was one ideal of Renaissance humanism? Group of answer choices obeying divine right monarchs and the church investigating areas of interest and fulfilling one’s potential living apart from the world and taking monastic vows training as a knight and practicing chivalry Flag question: Question 14 Question 145 pts Leonardo DaVinci used movement and perspective in his work. Machiavelli’s The Prince advised rulers on how to gain and maintain power. Humanist scholars examined worldly subjects and classical culture. Which period is associated with these statements? Group of answer choices French Revolution Renaissance Enlightenment Early Middle Ages Flag question: Question 15 Question 155 pts Base your answer to question 15 on the cartoon below and on your knowledge of social studies. luther Which period began as a result of the actions shown in this image? Group of answer choices Protestant Reformation Glorious Revolution Italian Renaissance Scientific Revolution Flag question: Question 16 Question 165 pts Base your answer to question 16 on the image below and on your knowledge of social studies michelangelo The influence of Greek and Roman culture on some Renaissance art is reflected in Group of answer choices challenges made to ancient religious ideals the impact of William Shakespeare’s writing in southern Europe a realistic portrayal of the human body competition promoted between northern and southern European artists Flag question: Question 17 Question 175 pts The world view shifted from otherworldly to secular. Greek and Roman ideas were revived. Improvements were made to the printing press. Which occurrence is most closely associated with these aspects of the Renaissance? Group of answer choices Emperors used the Twelve Tables to bring about Pax Romana Charlemagne was crowned Holy Roman Emperor by the Pope Gothic cathedrals became the focal point of town activities Copies of the Bible were printed in the vernacular Flag question: Question 18 Question 185 pts The Renaissance in western Europe was a period noted for Group of answer choices armed conflict over control of the Holy Land the rise of feudalism in the Mediterranean region the mass movement of peoples from urban to rural areas a shift from a spiritual focus to a more humanistic one Flag question: Question 19 Question 195 pts What is a major reason the Renaissance began in the Italian city-states? Group of answer choices The Rhine River provided power to Italian industries. The favorable climate of Italy led to a reliance on agricultural products. The Alps isolated these city-states from the rest of Europe. The Mediterranean location of these city-states encouraged trade Flag question: Question 20 Question 205 pts Johannes Gutenberg King Henry VIII John Calvin Which event in European history was most directly influenced by these individuals? Group of answer choices trans-Atlantic slave trade Reconquista Glorious Revolution Protestant Reform Learning Objective
Key Points
The printing press was invented in the Holy Roman Empire by the German Johannes Gutenberg around 1440, based on existing screw presses. Gutenberg, a goldsmith by profession, developed a complete printing system that perfected the printing process through all of its stages by adapting existing technologies to printing purposes, as well as making groundbreaking inventions of his own. His newly devised hand mould made possible for the first time the precise and rapid creation of metal movable type in large quantities, a key element in the profitability of the whole printing enterprise. The printing press spread within several decades to over 200 cities in a dozen European countries. By 1500, printing presses in operation throughout Western Europe had already produced more than 20 million volumes. In the 16th century, with presses spreading further afield, their output rose tenfold to an estimated 150 to 200 million copies. The operation of a press became so synonymous with the enterprise of printing that it lent its name to an entire new branch of media, the press. Johannes GutenbergJohannes Gutenberg’s work on the printing press began in approximately 1436 when he partnered with Andreas Dritzehn—a man he had previously instructed in gem-cutting—and Andreas Heilmann, owner of a paper mill. However, it was not until a 1439 lawsuit against Gutenberg that an official record exists; witnesses’ testimony discussed Gutenberg’s types, an inventory of metals (including lead), and his type molds. Early wooden printing press, depicted in 1568Such presses could produce up to 240 impressions per hour. At the left in the foreground, a “puller” removes a printed sheet from the press. The “beater” to his right is inking the form. In the background, compositors are setting type.Having previously worked as a professional goldsmith, Gutenberg made skillful use of the knowledge of metals he had learned as a craftsman. He was the first to make type from an alloy of lead, tin, and antimony, which was critical for yielding durable type that produced high-quality printed books and proved to be much better-suited for printing than all other known materials. To create these lead types, Gutenberg used what is considered one of his most ingenious inventions, a special matrix enabling the quick and precise molding of new type blocks from a uniform template. His type case is estimated to have contained around 290 separate letter boxes, most of which were required for special characters, ligatures, punctuation marks, etc. Mass CommunicationIn Renaissance Europe, the arrival of mechanical movable type printing introduced the era of mass communication, which permanently altered the structure of society. The relatively unrestricted circulation of information and (revolutionary) ideas transcended borders, captured the masses in the Reformation, and threatened the power of political and religious authorities; the sharp increase in literacy broke the monopoly of the literate elite on education and learning and bolstered the emerging middle class. Across Europe, the increasing cultural self-awareness of its peoples led to the rise of proto-nationalism, accelerated by the flowering of the European vernacular languages to the detriment of Latin’s status as lingua franca. As early as 1480 there were printers active in 110 different places in Germany, Italy, France, Spain, the Netherlands, Belgium, Switzerland, England, Bohemia, and Poland. From that time on, it is assumed that “the printed book was in universal use in Europe.” By 1500, the printing presses in operation throughout Western Europe had already produced more than 20 million copies. In the following century, their output rose tenfold to an estimated 150 to 200 million copies. The vast printing capacities meant that individual authors could now become true bestsellers; at least 750,000 copies of Erasmus’s works were sold during his lifetime alone (1469–1536). In the period from 1518 to 1524, the publication of books in Germany alone skyrocketed sevenfold; between 1518 and 1520, Luther’s tracts were distributed in 300,000 printed copies. Spread of printing in the 15th century from Mainz, GermanyPrinting places showing the spread of incunabula printing in the 15th century. Two hundred seventy-one locations are known; the largest of them are designated by name. The term “incunabula” referred to printed materials and came to denote the printed books themselves in the late 17th century.Effect on Scholarship and LiteracyThe printing press was also a factor in the establishment of a community of scientists who could easily communicate their discoveries through widely disseminated scholarly journals, helping to bring on the scientific revolution. Because of the printing press, authorship became more meaningful and profitable. It was suddenly important who had said or written what, and what the precise formulation and time of composition was. This allowed the exact citing of references, producing the rule, “one author, one work (title), one piece of information.” Before, the author was less important, since a copy of Aristotle made in Paris would not be exactly identical to one made in Bologna. For many works prior to the printing press, the name of the author has been entirely lost. Because the printing process ensured that the same information fell on the same pages, page numbering, tables of contents, and indices became common, though they previously had not been unknown. The process of reading also changed, gradually moving over several centuries from oral readings to silent, private reading. The wider availability of printed materials also led to a drastic rise in the adult literacy rate throughout Europe. Printing on a Gutenberg pressA demonstration of how to print on a Gutenberg printing press.What was the effect of printing press on Renaissance?The printing press made books easier and cheaper to produce, which increased the number of books, and lowered the cost of books so that more people could learn to read and get more reading materials.It made it easier to spread materials through the time of The Renaissance and the Reformation.It spread religious beliefs ... What important effect did the invention of the printing press have on Europe?Johann Gutenberg's invention of movable-type printing quickened the spread of knowledge, discoveries, and literacy in Renaissance Europe. The printing revolution also contributed mightily to the Protestant Reformation that split apart the Catholic Church. Which of these best explains the effect of the invention of the printing press quizlet?What was one major effect of the invention of the printing press? It helped facilitate the spread of religious ideas. What was the most important effect of the printing press?The printing press had a huge impact on societies around the world. Information could now be spread much more quickly. More copies of books, pamphlets, or posters would be printed, spreading ideas. As print media spread, reading became more accessible and affordable. What was the impact of the printing press during the Renaissance quizlet?What was the impact of the printing press? The printing press decreased the price of books, increased literacy rates, and spread new ideas faster.
What was an effect of the printing press during the Northern Renaissance?The impact of the printing press in Europe included: A huge increase in the volume of books produced compared to handmade works. An increase in the access to books in terms of physical availability and lower cost. More authors were published, including unknown writers.
Which of the following best describes the effect the invention of the printing press had on Europe during the Renaissance?The printing press encouraged the growth of vernacular (non-Latin) literature. Which of the following best explains the long-term effect this development had on Europe? It encouraged the adoption of a single literary language across most of Europe.
Which of the following best explains how the printing press contributed to the development?Which of the following best explains how the printing press contributed to the development of national cultures in Europe? Answer A: The printing press encouraged the spread of vernacular literature.
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The development of the printing press had which of the following effects on the renaissance?
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