The ideas expressed in the passage above can be seen as an expression of which of the following

1. Advising and Tutoring
2. Tutoring and Writing Assistance
3. Finding the Main Idea

The main idea of a paragraph is the author's message about the topic. It is often expressed directly or it can be implied.

Where are the main ideas found?

It is easy to identify a main idea that is directly expressed in the text. Main ideas are often found:

• at the beginning of paragraphs. The first sentence often explains the subject being discussed in the passage.
• in the concluding sentences of a paragraph. The main idea can be expressed as a summation of the information in the paragraph as well as a link to the information in the next paragraph.

The main idea is not always clearly stated. It is more difficult to identify a main idea when it is inferred or implied. It can be implied through other words in the paragraph. An implied main idea can be found in several ways.

• Several sentences in a paragraph can imply the main idea by introducing facts about the topic before actually stating the topic.
• Implied ideas can be drawn from facts, reasons, or examples that give hints or suggestions concerning the main idea. These hints will be clues leading you to discover the main idea in the selected text.
• Try the passage below to see if you can pick out the main idea.

  "To many parents, the infant's crying may be mainly an irritation, especially if it continues for long periods. But crying serves important functions for the child as well as for the parents. For the child, crying helps improve lung capacity and the respiratory system. Perhaps more important, the cry serves as a signal of distress. When babies cry, they indicate that they are hungry or in pain, and this is important information for parents."

Use the hints below to determine the correct main idea of this paragraph.

After reading a paragraph ask, "What point is the author making in this passage?"

Ask the following questions:

• Who - Does this passage discuss a person or group of people?
• When - Does the information contain a reference to time?
• Where - Does the text name a place?
• Why - Do you find a reason or explanation for something that happened?
• How - Does this information indicate a method or a theory?

How can I determine if I have selected the correct main idea of a paragraph?

If you are able to summarize the information in the passage in your own words,you have absorbed the correct main idea. To accomplish this goal, try the steps listed below after reading a short section of your textbook.

• Write a short summary in your own words about what you have read.
• Does your summary agree with this general topic?
• Does your summary contain the same ideas being expressed by the author?
• Could you write a headline (or textbook subheading) that would express your summary in less than five words?

If you are able to rephrase your choice of a topic sentence into a question and then determine if the passage answers your question, you have been successful at selecting a main idea.

The Port Huron Statement, Students for a Democratic Society (SDS), 1962Students for a Democratic Society, Port Huron Statement, 1962.Reprinted by permission ofSenator Tom Hayden.

25. The author of the quote above most likely

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26. What future activity was LEAST consistent with the sentiments expressed in the passageabove?

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27. What earlier movement is most consistent with the sentiments expressed in the quoteabove?

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forces of the modern world are shaking old ways and uprooting ancient civilizations. Therewill be turbulence and struggle and even violence. Great social change—as we see in ourcountry now—does not always come without conflict.”President Lyndon Johnson, Remarks at John Hopkins University, 1965FromPublic Papers of the Presidents of the United States: Lyndon Johnson, 1965(Washington,D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1966), 394–397.28. The ideas expressed in the passage above can be seen as an expression of which of thefollowing?a. Mercantilismb. Imperialismc. Colonialismd. Containment

29. The passage above was most clearly a response to

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Which of the following historical developments between World War I and World War II would the author of the passage most likely support?

Which of the following most directly undermines the assertions of modern day presidents and their legacies?

Which of the following was the most immediate result of the decision excerpted?

Which of the following became the primary system of labor in Virginia until about 1680?