What are the terms for officers for members of the Texas Legislature quizlet?

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-The first of the circles is the Geographical Constituency: it is the largest of the constituencies and it includes everyone living in the district regardless of ethnicity, age, income, gender, political affiliation, education, marital status, etc.

-Next is a smaller circle, the Re-election Constituency, this includes those who are believed to have given their electoral support to a certain member of Congress in previous elections.

-Next is the Primary Constituency, this includes those who not only voted for a member of Congress but also work for them.

-The smallest of the circles is the Personal Constituency, this includes family, friends, advisors and close individuals.

For:
As far back as 2007, Perry remarked, "When you have a full-time legislature, they just feel pretty inclined to be doing something. So they are going to dream up new laws, new regulations and new statutes—and generally all of those cost money."a Perry's vision fits with the principle of limited government—the principle that Congress or a state legislature should have only a small role and the more legislators are in session, the more temptations they have to engage in corrupt practices and to pass laws restricting liberties.

Against:
point out, meeting only once every two years reduces the time to deliberate and make sensible policies. In Texas, critics argue, the legislative session is rushed, and legislators rely too heavily on staff
who work year-round and are more familiar with the ins and outs of policy making. The rush of completing the legislation necessary to govern the state also often leaves important issues unresolved, leading to the need for more special sessions. Members who are not independently wealthy are unable to legislate effectively because they cannot just leave their jobs for 140 days at a time—plus any special sessions—every two years. In addition, legislators are not
any less prone to corruption under the Texas model. Under either model, lobbyists attempt to influence policy makers, and the fact that legislators have private-sector jobs does not minimize this possibility.
Former Houston-area congressman Chris Bell warns that state legislators in part-time legislatures are actually more susceptible to corruption because "unless they're retired or independently wealthy,
[legislators are] in a tough spot.

-Qualifications: 30 years old, U.S citizen, resident of Texas for 5 years immediately before the election.

-Terms: Since 1974 governors serve 4-year terms (before 1974, 2-year terms). There is no limit of how many terms, the traditional limit is 2 terms.

-Gubernatorial Election: takes place during midterm elections (in between presidential elections) to minimize the influence of the presidential election on the selection of a governor. Turnout for gubernatorial elections is generally low.

-Salary: $150,000 a year.

-Impeachment: Impeachment and conviction are the only way to remove a Texas governor from office. Impeachment is done by the Texas legislature (initiates in the Texas House and the Texas Senate decides; trial is presided by the chief justice of the Texas Supreme Court) Only one TX governor has been impeached: Jim Ferguson who served as governor in 1915.

-Succession: if the office of governor becomes vacant, by resignation, impeachment, incapacity or death, the lieutenant governor becomes governor.

-Trend: male [except two: Miriam 'Ma' Ferguson (1925-1927 and 1933-1935) and Ann Richards (1991-1995)], white, Democratic (between Reconstruction and 1978), protestant, wealthy and well-educated.

Appointment powers: during a typical 4-year-term a TX governor will make approximately 3,000 appointments. The Senate must confirm many of the gubernatorial appointments, but it only meets every 2 years, so 'recess appointments' are the norm.

Budgetary powers: In practice, the governor's budgetary powers are weak. The Legislative Budget Board overshadows the role of the governor as the Chief Budget Officer.

Military powers: commander in chief in Texas.

Police powers: governor appoints the member of the Public Safety Commission, which oversees the highway patrol, driver's licensing, auto inspections, truck weigh stations and Texas Rangers.

Message power: any communication between the governor and the legislature is part of the message power. It includes the State of the State message which is the governor's plan for the upcoming 2 years, the executive budget proposal and gubernatorial lobbying.

Veto power: Texas governors can sign or veto a bill; Unlike the president, Texas governors also possess the line-item veto, the power to veto specific provisions (lines) of a bill passed by the legislature.

Special sessions: governors can call the Texas legislature on a special session; special sessions last no more than 30 days; there is no limit on how many special sessions a governor can call, but it is usually less than 5, for example in 2003 TX had 3 special sessions, in 2005 there were 2 and in 2009 there was 1; during special sessions, the Texas legislature may consider only those items placed on the agenda by the governor. In some states, the legislatures can call themselves back on a special session, not in Texas.

Judges in TX are elected by the people but the governor can appoint judges when there is a vacancy.

Lieutenant Governor: Serves as the presiding officer of the Texas Senate, first in line of succession for Governor, member of the Legislative Redistricting Board, Chair of the Legislative Budget Board, elected to 4 years terms by the public with no term limits.

Attorney General: Serves as the lawyer for the state of Texas, including representing the state on civil matters, and responsible for the interpretation of the constitutionality of laws. The Attorney General is elected by the people to 4 year terms with no term limits.

Secretary of State: The Texas Secretary of State is appointed by the Texas Governor and confirmed by the Texas Senate. The Secretary of State serves as the chief election officer (meaning the office ensures that county governments abide by election rules),
officially attests the signature of the Texas Governor on official documents, and advises the Governor on Texas border and Mexican affairs.

Commissioner of the General Land Office: The Commissioner is elected by the people to one 4 year term. George P. Bush (son of Jeb Bush) runs the Texas General Land Office, which manages and administers mineral leases and state lands.

Comptroller of Public Accounts: The Comptroller serves as the chief tax collector and accounting officer. This office is also responsible for certifying the biennial budget of the state.

Other members of the Texas Plural Executive include: Commissioner of Agriculture, Railroad Commission, State Board of Education, Elected/Appointed Boards and Commissions, Appointed Agency Directors.

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