Show Fair use is a legal doctrine that promotes freedom of expression by permitting the unlicensed use of copyright-protected works in certain circumstances. Section 107 of the Copyright Act provides the statutory framework for determining whether something is a fair use and identifies certain types of uses—such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research—as examples of activities that may qualify as fair use. Section 107 calls for consideration of the following four factors in evaluating a question of fair use:
In addition to the above, other factors may also be considered by a court in weighing a fair use question, depending upon the circumstances. Courts evaluate fair use claims on a case-by-case basis, and the outcome of any given case depends on a fact-specific inquiry. This means that there is no formula to ensure that a predetermined percentage or amount of a work—or specific number of words, lines, pages, copies—may be used without permission. Please note that the Copyright Office is unable to provide specific legal advice to individual members of the public about questions of fair use. See 37 C.F.R. 201.2(a)(3). Fair use is a legal doctrine that promotes freedom of expression by permitting the unlicensed use of copyright-protected works in certain circumstances without permission from the author or owner. Section 107 of the Copyright Act provides the statutory framework for determining whether something is a fair use and identifies certain types of uses—such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research—as examples of activities that may qualify as fair use. To determine whether a specific use under one of these categories is "fair," courts are required to consider the following factors:
Remember that without the fair use doctrine, all copying of any amount for any purpose would be a violation of copyright. It is not the only exception to the exclusive rights of copyright, but it is the most significant. And it is of critical importance in the work of teaching and learning, and creating new knowledge. Fair use is also intentionally -- and often frustratingly -- vague. It does not contain quantitative limits or absolutes, but rather a sliding scale of four considerations. It is up to the user to consider these four factors and decide if they believe the use they are contemplating is a legitimate one. In many ways, it would be significantly easier if there were a definite measure, but the law's non-specificity also allows for discretion depending on how you are using the material. No one factor is deciding and this is a good thing overall! Remember also that you can always ask the copyright holder for permission to use their work. If you have their permission, you do not need to worry about making a Fair Use assessment. You'll find some guidance at Obtaining Permission from Copyright Holder. Additional resources: Measuring Fair Use: The Four Factors (Stanford University) What are 3 reasons you can use copyrighted material under fair use?Fair use allows limited use of copyrighted material without permission from the copyright holder for purposes such as criticism, parody, news reporting, research and scholarship, and teaching. There are four factors to consider when determining whether your use is a fair one.
What are the factors to consider in deciding whether a use of copyrighted material is a fair use?For example, in the United States, copyright rights are limited by the doctrine of "fair use," under which certain uses of copyrighted material for, but not limited to, criticism, commentary, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, or research may be considered fair.
What are the factors to be considered in determining fair use?Factor 1: The Purpose and Character of the Use.. Factor 2: The Nature of the Copyrighted Work.. Factor 3: The Amount or Substantiality of the Portion Used.. Factor 4: The Effect of the Use on the Potential Market for or Value of the Work.. Resources.. What are 3 things that are basic copyright?The three basic elements of copyright: originality, creativity, and fixation.
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