physical devices associated with a computer system
set of instructions the hardware executes to carry out specific tasks
communications system created by linking two of more devices and establishing a standard methodology in which they can communicate
Computer designed to request information from the server
Computer dedicated to providing information in response to requests
The plans for how a firm will build, deploy, use, and share its data, processes, and MIS assets. Includes the hardware, software, and telecommunications equipment that when combined provides the unlying foundation to support the organizations goal.
Backup and recovery plan
Disaster recovery plan
Business continuity plan
an exact copy of a systems information
The ability to get a system up and running in the event of a system crash or failure
Ability for a system to respond to unexpected failures or system crashes as the backup system immediately and automatically takes over with no loss of service
Specific type of fault tolerance, occurs when a redundant storage server offers an exact replica of the real-time data and if the primary server crashes, the users are automatically directed to the secondary server of backup server
Occurs when the primary machine recovers and resumes operations, taking over from the secondary server
A detailed process for recovering information or an IT system in the event of a catastrophic disaster such as a fire or flood
Disaster recovery cost curve
Charts (1) the cost to the organization of unavailability of information and technology and (2) the cost to the organization of recovering from a disaster over time
A separate and fully equipped facility where the company can move immediately after a disaster and resume business
A separate facility that does not have any computer equipment, but is a place where employees can move after a disaster
A separate facility with computer equipment that requires installation ande configuration
Business Continuity Plan (BCP)
A plan for how an organization will recover and restore partially or completely interrupted critical functions within a predermined time after a disaster or extended disruption
Emergency Notification Services
An infrastructure built for notifying people in the case of an emergency
Refers to the computer chip performance per dollar that doubles every 18 months
Sustainable or "Green" MIS
Describes the production, management, use, and disposal of technology in a way that minimizes damage to the environment
Corporate Social Responsibility
Companies acknowledged responsibility to society
Characteristics of an agile MIS infrastructure
Accessibility
Availability
Maintainability
Portability
Reliability
Scalibility
Usability
Refers to the varying levels that define what a user can access, view, or perform when operating a system
Refers to the time frames when a system is operational.
Unavailable: when it is NOT operational and cannot be used
High Availablity: Continuosly operating - 100%
Maintainability (Flexibility)
Refers to how quickly a system can transform to support environmental changes
Refers to the ability of an application to operate on different devices or software platforms, such as different operting systems
Ensures that a system is functioning correctly and providing accurate information
Describes how well a system can scale up of adapt to the increased demands of growth
A collection of computers, often geographically dispersed that are coordinated to solve a common problem. A problem is broken into pieces and distributed to many machines allowing faster processing than could occur on a single machine and linking thousands of individual computers around the world to create a "Virtual supercomputer"
Three primary side effects of businesses' expanded use of technology
Increased electronic waste
Increased energy consumption
Increased carbon emissions
Discarded, obsolete, broken electronic devices
Use of resources and applications hosted on the internet
Creates mutiple "virtual" machines on a single devices running multiple operating systems along with multiple software applications. Rdeuces power consumption & requires less equipment
A facility used to house management information systems and associated components such as telecommunications and storage systems
The extent of detail within the information (fine and detailed or course and abstract)
Information Quality PAGE 208 / figure 6.3
Accurate
Complete
Consistent
Unique
Timely
Maintains information about various types of objects, inventory, events, transactions, people and places
Digital dashboard / upt to date information in response to requests
Transactional information
Encompasses all of the information within a single business process or unit of work and its primary purpose is to support the performing of daily operational tasks
Encompasses all organizational information and its primary purpose is to support the performing of managerial analysis tasks IE run a report
A person, place, thing, transaction, or event about which information is stored
Attribute (field, column)
The data elements associated with an entity.
A collection of related data elements
When the same data element has different values
Database management system (DBS)
Creates, reads, updates and deletes data in a database while controlling access and security
Data element (data field)
smallest or basic unit of information (name, address, phone, etc)
logical data structures that detail the relationships between data elements using graphs or pictures
Provides details about data - IE -size, resolution, date created
compiles all of the metadata about data elements in the data model
A field or group of fields that uniquely identifies a given entity in a table.
A primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship among the two tables
ORGANIZATIONAL FOCUS : A logical collection of information , gathered from many different operational databases that supports business analysis activities and decision making. The primary purpose of a data warehouse is to aggregate informtion throughout an organization into a single repositroty for decision making purposes
Information Cleansing or scrubbing
A process that weeds out and fixes or discards inconsistent, incorrect or incomplete data
An interactive website ke[pt consistently updated and relevant to the needs of its customers using a database
Multi-dimensional analysis / A common term for the representation o multidimensional information
A particular attribute of information
Process of analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw data alone. Summary information (coarse granularity), increasing levels of detail (drilling down or drilling up). Cluster analysis, association detection, statistical analysis
Occurs on: structured data: already in a data base or spread sheet
unstructured data: doesnt exist in fixed documents
Use a variety of techniques to find patterns and relationships in large volumnes of information.
FUNCTIONAL FOCUS : contains a subset of data warehouse information
Divide information sets into mutually exclusive groups such that the members of each group are as close together as possible to one another and the different groups are as far apart as possible
anaylyzes websites and checkout scanner information to detect customers buying habits
Reveals the relationship between variables along with the nature and frequency of the relationships
Performs such functions as information correlation, distributions, calculations, and variance analysis
is time stamped information collected at a particular frequency
predictions based on time series information
Allows business users to receive data for analysis that is:
reliable, consistent, understandable, and easily manipulated