General Genetic Implications: Pronunciation: Trade Name(s) Ther. Class. antihypertensives Pharm. Class. beta blockers Action Therapeutic Effect(s): Absorption: Well absorbed but rapidly undergoes extensive
first-pass hepatic metabolism, resulting in 25–35% bioavailability. Food slows absorption. Distribution: Unknown. Protein Binding: 98%. Metabolism and Excretion: Extensively metabolized (primarily by CYP2D6 and CYP2C9; the CYP2D6 enzyme system exhibits genetic polymorphism); ~7% of population
may be poor metabolizers and may have significantly ↑ carvedilol concentrations and an ↑ risk of adverse effects); excreted in feces via bile, <2% excreted unchanged in urine. Half-life: 7–10 hr. TIME/ACTION PROFILE (cardiovascular effects)
Contraindication/PrecautionsContraindicated in:
Use Cautiously in:
Adverse Reactions/Side EffectsCV: BRADYCARDIA, HF, PULMONARY EDEMA Derm: STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME, TOXIC EPIDERMAL NECROLYSIS, itching, rashes, urticaria EENT: blurred vision, dry eyes, intraoperative floppy iris syndrome, nasal stuffiness Endo: hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia GI: diarrhea, constipation, nausea GU: erectile dysfunction, ↓ libido MS: arthralgia, back pain, muscle cramps Neuro: paresthesia, dizziness, fatigue, weakness, anxiety, depression, drowsiness, insomnia, memory loss, mental status changes, nervousness, nightmares Resp: bronchospasm, wheezing Misc: HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS (including anaphylaxis and angioedema), drug-induced lupus syndrome * CAPITALS indicate
life-threatening. InteractionsDrug-Drug
Route/DosagePO (Adults): Hypertension– 6.25 mg twice daily, may be ↑ every 7–14 days up to 25 mg twice daily or extended-release– 20 mg once daily, dose may be doubled every 7–14 days up to 80 mg once daily; HF– 3.125 mg twice daily for 2 wk; may be ↑ to 6.25 mg twice daily. Dose may be doubled every 2 wk as tolerated (not to exceed 25 mg twice daily in patients <85 kg or 50 mg twice daily in patients >85 kg) or extended-release– 10 mg once daily, dose may be doubled every 2 wk as tolerated up to 80 mg once daily; Left ventricular dysfunction after MI– 6.25 mg twice daily, ↑ after 3–10 days to 12.5 twice daily then to target dose of 25 mg twice daily; some patients may require lower initial doses and slower titration or extended-release– 20 mg once daily, dose may be doubled every 3–10 days up to 80 mg once daily. Availability (generic available)Extended-release capsules: 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg, 80 mg Cost: all strengths $175.36/30 Tablets: 3.125 mg, 6.25 mg, 12.5 mg, 25 mg Cost: Generic: All strengths $7.18/100 Assessment
Lab Test Considerations: May cause ↑ BUN, serum lipoprotein, potassium, triglyceride, and uric acid levels.
Toxicity and Overdose: Monitor patients receiving beta blockers for signs of overdose (bradycardia, severe dizziness or fainting, severe drowsiness, dyspnea, bluish fingernails or palms, seizures). Notify health care professional immediately if these signs occur. Potential Diagnoses
Implementation
Patient/Family Teaching
Evaluation/Desired Outcomes
carvedilol is a sample topic from the Davis's Drug Guide. To view other topics, please log in or purchase a subscription. Nursing Central is an award-winning, complete mobile solution for nurses and students. Look up information on diseases, tests, and procedures; then consult the database with 5,000+ drugs or refer to 65,000+ dictionary terms. Complete Product Information. What are examples of potential nursing diagnosis?Examples of nursing diagnosis: risk for impaired liver function; urinary retention; disturbed sleep pattern; decreased cardiac output. On the other hand, a medical diagnosis is made by a doctor or advanced health care practitioner.
What are 5 nursing diagnosis?The following are nursing diagnoses arising from the nursing literature with varying degrees of authentication by ICNP or NANDA-I standards.. Anxiety.. Constipation.. Activity Intolerance.. Impaired Gas Exchange.. Excessive Fluid Volume.. Caregiver Role Strain.. Ineffective Coping.. What are the nursing assessment for hypertension?Nursing assessment must involve careful monitoring of the blood pressure at frequent and routinely scheduled intervals. If patient is on antihypertensive medications, blood pressure is assessed to determine the effectiveness and detect changes in the blood pressure.
What are the important patient teachings for patient taking antihypertensive drugs?Patient Teaching & Education
Patients should be compliant with medication therapy and take the medication at the same time each day. They should be careful not to take more than the prescribed dose within a 24-hour period. Do not abruptly cease medication as rebound hypertension might occur.
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