...No political truth is certainly of greater intrinsic [essential] value, or is stamped with the authority of more enlightened patrons of liberty, than that on which the objection is founded. The accumulation of all powers, legislative, executive, and judiciary, in the same hands, whether of one, a few, or many, and whether hereditary, self- appointed, or elective, may justly be pronounced the very definition of
tyranny....
— James Madison, The Federalist, Number 47
Which constitutional principle was established to protect American citizens from the tyranny suggested in this quotation?
(1) due process of law (2) States rights
(3) popular sovereignty (4) separation of powers
Each state retains its sovereignty, freedom and independence, and every power, jurisdiction and right, which is not by this confederation expressly delegated to the United States,
in Congress assembled.
— Article II, Articles of Confederation
The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people.
— 10th amendment, United States Constitution 8 The purpose of each of these provisions is to
(1) determine the division of power between state and central governments
(2) create a process for allowing amendments
(3) grant the central government power
to
control the states
(4) limit the power of the executive branch
Based your answer to question 7 on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies.
"To what expedient [method], then, shall we finally resort, for maintaining in practice the necessary partition of power among the several departments, as laid down in the Constitution? The only answer that can be given is, that as all these exterior provisions are found to be inadequate, the defect must be supplied, by so contriving the interior structure of the government as that its several constituent parts may, by their mutual relations, be the means of keeping each other in their proper places...
---The Federalist No. 51, 1788
Which principle of the United States Constitution is most directly described in this passage?
Base your answers to questions 25 and 26 on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies.
..."It has been impossible in so short a space to review the entire menace of the internal revolution in this country as I know it, but this may serve to arouse the American citizen to its reality, its danger, and the great need of united effort to stamp it out, under our feet, if needs be. It is being done. The Department of Justice will pursue the attack of these "Reds" upon the Government of the United States with vigilance, and no alien, advocating the overthrow of existing law and order in this country, shall escape arrest and prompt deportation...
--Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer, "The Case Against the 'Reds'," 1920
Based on this passage, in 1920 the Attorney General of the United States advocated the deportation of