Which of the following was the most important factor in the spread of Islam in Southeast Asia in the period circa 1250 to 1500 CE?

• Introduction

• • The term Hinduism
  • General nature of Hinduism
  • The five tensile strands
    • Doctrine
    • Practice
    • Society
    • Story
    • Devotion
  • Central conceptions
    • Veda, Brahmans, and issues of religious authority
    • Doctrine of atman-brahman
    • Karma, samsara, and moksha
    • Dharma and the three paths
    • Ashramas: the four stages of life

• • Sources of Hinduism
    • Indo-European sources
    • Other sources: the process of “Sanskritization”
  • The prehistoric period (3rd and 2nd millennia bce)
    • Indigenous prehistoric religion
    • Religion in the Indus valley civilization
    • Survival of archaic religious practices
  • The Vedic period (2nd millennium–7th century bce)
  • Challenges to Brahmanism (6th–2nd century bce)
  • Early Hinduism (2nd century bce–4th century ce)
    • The rise of the major sects: Vaishnavism, Shaivism, and Shaktism
    • The development of temples
    • The spread of Hinduism in Southeast Asia and the Pacific
    • Questions of influence on the Mediterranean world
  • The rise of devotional Hinduism (4th–11th century)
  • Hinduism under Islam (11th–19th century)
    • The challenge of Islam and popular religion
    • Temple complexes
    • Sectarian movements
    • Bhakti movements
  • The modern period (from the 19th century)
    • Hindu reform movements
      • Brahmo Samaj
      • Arya Samaj
    • New religious movements
      • Ramakrishna Mission
      • Theosophical Society
      • Aurobindo Ashram
      • Other reform movements
    • The struggle for independence
      • Mahatma Gandhi
      • The religious situation after independence
    • Hinduism outside India

• • Vedas
    • Importance of the Vedas
    • The components of the Vedas
    • The Rigveda
    • Elaborations of text and ritual: the later Vedas
      • The Yajurveda and Samaveda
      • The Atharvaveda
    • The Brahmanas and Aranyakas
    • Vedic religion
      • Cosmogony and cosmology
      • Theology
      • Ethical and social doctrines
      • The sacred: nature, humanity, and God
      • Vedic and Brahmanic rites
    • The Upanishads
  • Sutras, shastras, and smritis
    • The Vedangas
    • Dharma-sutras and Dharma-shastras
    • Smriti texts
  • Epics and Puranas
    • The Ramayana
    • The Mahabharata
    • The Bhagavadgita
    • The Puranas
      • Cosmogony
      • Cosmology
    • Myths of time and eternity
    • Stories of the gods
  • Vaishnavism and Shaivism
    • Vaishnavism
    • Shaivism
    • Narratives of culture heroes
    • Myths of holy rivers and holy places
  • Philosophical texts
    • Mysticism
    • Philosophical sutras and the rise of the Six Schools of philosophy
  • Tantrism
    • Tantric traditions and Shaktism
      • Shaiva Agamas
      • Vaishnava Samhitas
      • Shakta Tantras
    • Nature of Tantric tradition
    • Tantric and Shakta views of nature, humanity, and the sacred
    • Tantric ritual and magical practices
    • Tantric and Shakta ethical and social doctrines
  • Vernacular literatures

• • Devotion
  • Deities
  • Worship
  • Divination, spirit possession, and healing
  • Women’s religious practices
  • Pilgrimage

• • Sacrifice and worship
    • Domestic rites
      • Samskaras: rites of passage
      • Daily offerings
      • Other private rites
    • Temple worship
    • Shaiva rites
    • Vaishnava rites
  • Sacred times and festivals
  • Ritual and social status
    • Social structure
    • Castes
    • Social protest
    • Renunciants and the rejection of social order
  • Religious orders and holy men
    • Initiation
    • Yoga
    • Sectarian symbols
  • Cultural expressions: visual arts, theatre, and dance
    • Types of symbols
      • Yantra and mandala
      • Lingam and yoni
      • Visual theology in icons
    • The arts
      • Religious principles in sculpture and painting
      • Religious organization of sacred architecture
      • Theatre and dance

• • Hinduism and religions of Indian origin
  • Hinduism and Islam
  • Hinduism and Christianity
  • Diasporic Hinduism

More

• More Articles On This Topic
• Additional Reading
• Contributors
• Article History