Which organizational change offers the highest rewards but with substantial chances of failure?

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The highest form of organizational change risk​ (are) ________.

paradigm shifts

The most common form of organizational change is​ ________.

automation

​________ focuses on a specific measure of quality of 3.4 defects per million.

Six sigma

The organizational change model that focuses on achieving quality as a primary goal of all individuals within an organization is​ _______

total quality management​ (TQM)

The first phase in the systems development process is​ ________.

systems analysis

The phase of the systems development process when the​ question, "Will the system produce the desired results under a variety of​ conditions" is​ ________.

testing

The phase of the systems development process when a feasibility study is conducted is​ ________.

systems analysis

If top management is reluctant to implement a new​ system, it is probably wise to avoid a​ ________ implementation which is the most aggressive approach.

direct cutover

​A(n) ________ diagram offers a logical graphic model of information flow.

Data Flow Diagram

​A(n) ________ is a tool which contains information about individual pieces of data and data groupings within a system.

data dictionary

Modeling that includes concepts of classes and inheritance is called​ ________ modeling.

Object-oriented

The acronym CASE stands for​ ________.

computer-aided software engineering

If Politicit.com decides to quickly build a test system for its end users to​ evaluate, they are creating​ a(n) ________.

prototype

The first step of the prototyping process is to​ ________.

identify the​ user's basic requirements

The final step of the prototyping process is to​ ________.

revise and enhance the prototype

If Ford Motor Company sends a detailed list of needs to several vendors to​ compete, this is called a​ ________.

Request for proposal

Prototyping to create a workable system in a very short amount of time is an example of​ ________.

rapid application development​ (RAD)

Hidden costs of outsourcing​ include(s) ________.

layoffs

​________ is(are) considered the most expensive cost of outsourcing​ (best case).

Managing the contract

The strategy of breaking down a large project into smaller projects is common in​ a(n) ________.

agile development

During the __________ stage, system specifications are translated into software program code.

programming

__________ is the term used to describe the process of creating workable systems in a very short period of time.

Rapid application development (RAD)

Programs such as Total Quality Management and Six Sigma emphasize which of the following organizational changes?

Rationalization of procedures

Maintenance includes _________.

changes in hardware, software, documentation, or procedures to a production system to correct errors, meet new requirements, or improve processing efficiency

Which of the following statements best describes a data flow diagram (DFD)?

It is the primary tool for structured analysis that graphically illustrates a system's component processes and the flow of data between them.

Which of the following indicates that String is using the prototyping approach?

String initially creates a demo application and then adds more functionality based on user feedback.

What is component-based development?

Component-based development expedites application development by grouping pre-existing objects into suites of software components that can be combined to create large-scale business applications.

Which of the following best describes a structured methodology for modeling and designing systems?

A structured methodology means that the techniques are carefully drawn up, step by step, with each step building on a previous one.

Which organizational change offers the highest rewards but with substantial chances of failure?

Paradigm shift

__________ refers to the development of information systems by end users with little or no formal assistance from technical specialists.

End-user development

Which of the following is the first step of a business process redesign?

Identifying the business processes that need to be changed

Automation involves _________.

assisting employees with performing their tasks more efficiently and effectively

Which of the following best describes an object-oriented development methodology for modeling and designing systems?

An object-oriented development methodology is an approach to systems development that uses the object as the basic unit of systems analysis and design.

The most common form of information technology-enabled organizational change is __________.

automation

__________ reorganizes workflows, combining steps to cut waste and eliminate repetitive, paper-intensive tasks.

Business process redesign

Rationalization of procedures focuses on __________.

eliminating bottlenecks in the existing operating techniques

__________ includes changes in hardware, software, documentation, or procedures to a production system to correct errors, meet new requirements, or improve processing efficiency.

Maintenance

__________ focuses on the rapid delivery of working software by breaking a large project into a series of small subprojects that are completed in short periods of time using iteration and continuous feedback.

Agile development

An approach to systems development that uses the object as the basic unit of systems analysis and design is called __________.

object-oriented development methodology

What is the primary tool for structured analysis that graphically illustrates a system's component processes and the flow of data between them?

Data flow diagram (DFD)

__________ details how a system will meet the information requirements as determined by the systems analysis.

Systems design

Which of the following describes joint application design (JAD)?

A technique used to accelerate the generation of information requirements and to develop the initial systems design

What is a paradigm shift?

A paradigm shift offers high rewards with substantial chances of risk.

Which of the following is true of end-user development?

It poses organizational risks due to inadequate control over data that is outside traditional information systems.

Which of the following statements best describes systems design?

Systems design details how a system will meet the information requirements as determined by the systems analysis.

Which of the following is a technique used to accelerate the generation of information requirements and to develop the initial systems design?

Joint application design

Which of the following indicates that String is using the systems life cycle methodology when building the information system?

String uses a phased approach to create the information system in distinctly different stages.

__________ is the oldest method for building information systems and its methodology is a phased approach to building a system, dividing systems development into formal stages.

The systems life cycle

Which of the following is true of an application software package?

Once an organization buys an application software package, it can customize the source code further to match user requirements.

Conducting a feasibility study and establishing the information requirements are parts of which stage of the systems development process?

Systems analysis

Systems analysis is best described by which of the following?

Systems analysis is the analysis of a problem that the organization will try to solve with an information system.

Which of the following is true of an application software package?

An application software package is evaluated based on a Request for Proposal submitted to a packaged-software vendor.

Which of the following statements best describes a structure chart?

The structure chart is system documentation showing each level of design, the relationship among levels, and the overall place in the design structure.

System documentation showing each level of design, the relationship among levels, and the overall place in the design structure is called __________.

the structure chart

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What is the most common form of IT enabled organizational change?

The most common form of IT-enabled organizational change is automation.

What is structural change in an organization?

Structural change. Structural changes involve major shifts in the management hierarchy, team organization, and the responsibilities attributed to different departments, employees, or teams. These changes often overlap with people-centric changes as they directly affect most, if not all, employees.

How does developing new system produce Organisational change?

Developing a new information system is a form of planned organizational change. Four kinds of technology enabled change are (a) automation, (b) rationalization of procedures, (c) business process redesign, and (d) paradigm shift, with far-reaching changes carrying the greatest risks and rewards.

Why is organizational change necessary?

Organizational change is necessary for companies to succeed and grow. Change management drives the successful adoption and usage of change within the business. It allows employees to understand and commit to the shift and work effectively during it.

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