Which of the following statements regarding the Norgaard method, "Ball-Catcher's position," is (are) correct?
1. Bilateral AP oblique hands are obtained.
2. It is used for early detection of rheumatoid arthritis.
3. The hands are obliqued about 45 degrees, palm up.
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
D
Knee arthrography may be performed to demonstrate a
1. torn meniscus.
2. Baker's cyst.
3. torn rotator cuff.
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
A
Which of the following is (are) accurate positioning or evaluation criteria for an AP projection of the normal knee?
1. Femorotibial interspaces equal bilaterally.
2. Patella superimposed on distal tibia.
3. CR enters ½ in.
distal to base of patella.
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
A
Shoulder arthrography is performed to
1. evaluate humeral luxation
2. demonstrate complete or partial rotator cuff tear
3. evaluate the glenoid labrum
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
C
What process is best seen using a perpendicular CR with the elbow in acute flexion and with the posterior aspect of the humerus adjacent to the image receptor?
A. Coracoid
B. Coronoid
C. Olecranon
D. Glenoid
C
In the AP knee projection of an asthenic patient who measures less than 19 cm from the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) to tabletop, the CR should be directed
A. perpendicularly
B. 5 degrees medially
C. 5 degrees cephalad
D. 5 degrees caudad
D
What is the projection to demonstrate the longitudinal arch of the foot, while permitting the patient to keep weight equally distributed on both feet?
A. Mediolateral
B. Lateromedial
C. Mediolateral weight-bearing lateral
D. Lateromedial weight-bearing lateral
D
Which of the following articulations is/are well visualized in the extension lateral position of the hand?
1. Radiocarpal
2. 1st carpometacarpal
3. Proximal interphalangeal
A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
A
For a true AP of the clavicle, the midclavicle is superimposed over which portion of the scapula?
A. Scapular notch
B. Superior angle
C. Acromion
D. Coracoid process
B
Which projection should be performed and evaluated prior to performing a Settegast projection for trauma?
A. PA oblique projection
B. Lateral projection
C. AP projection
D. PA projection
B
Which of the following projections of the ankle would best demonstrate the distal tibiofibular joint?
A. Medial oblique 15° to 20°
B. Lateral oblique 15° to 20°
C. Medial oblique 45°
D. Lateral oblique 45°
C
In which of the following positions can the sesamoid bones of the foot be demonstrated to be free of superimposition with the metatarsals or phalanges?
A. Dorsoplantar metatarsals/toes
B. Tangential metatarsals/toes
C. 30-degree medial oblique foot
D. 30-degree lateral oblique foot
B
Carpal tunnel syndrome shows impingement of what nerve?
A. Radial
B. Median
C. Ulnar
D. Transverse
B
Tangential axial projections of the patella can be obtained in which of the following positions? 1. supine flexion 45° (Merchant) 2. prone flexion 90° (Settegast) 3. prone flexion 55° (Hughston)
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3 only
D
Valid evaluation criteria for a lateral projection of the forearm requires
1. that the epicondyles be parallel to the IR.
2. the radius and ulna be superimposed distally.
3. the
radial tuberosity should face anteriorly.
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
C
An axial projection of the clavicle is often helpful in demonstrating a fracture that is not visualized using a perpendicular CR. When examining the clavicle in the PA axial projection, how should the Central Ray directed?
A. Cephalad
B. Caudad
C. Medially
D. Laterally
B
The medical term for congenital clubfoot is
A. coxa plana.
B. osteochondritis.
C. talipes.
D. muscular dystrophy.
C
Which of the following may be used to evaluate the glenohumeral joint?
1. Scapular Y projection
2. Inferosuperior axial
3. Transthoracic lateral
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
D
Which of the following are fat pads or fat stripes that may be visible on the lateral projection of the elbow during trauma? (select the three that apply)
A. Posterior
B. Anterior
C. Superior
D. Distal
E. Flexor
F. Supinator
A, B, and F
In which projection of the foot are the interspaces between the first and second cuneiforms best demonstrated?
A. Lateral oblique foot
B. Medial oblique foot
C. Lateral foot
D. Weight-bearing foot
A
In which of the following tangential axial projections of the patella is complete relaxation of the quadriceps femoris required for an accurate diagnosis?
1. Supine flexion 40 degrees
(Merchant)
2. Prone flexion 90 degrees (Settegast)
3. Prone flexion 55 degrees (Hughston)
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3 only
A
To demonstrate the entire circumference of the radial head, the required exposure(s) must include
1. epicondyles perpendicular to the IP
2. hand pronated
3. hand externally rotated with thumb up
A. 1 only
B. 1 and
2 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
D
All the following structures are associated with the posterior femur except
A. popliteal surface
B. intercondyloid fossa
C. intertrochanteric line
D. linea aspera
C
Which of the following statements regarding the PA oblique scapular Y projection of the shoulder joint is (are) true?
1. The midsagittal plane should be about 60 degrees to the IR.
2. The scapular borders should be superimposed on the humeral shaft.
3. An oblique projection of the shoulder is obtained.
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
C
:
The following image of the lateral foot projection demonstrates
1. An open tibiotalar joint
2.
The navicular projected inferior to the cuboid
3. Superimposed distal tibia and fibula
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
B
Which of the following articulations participate in the formation of the elbow joint?
1. Between the humeral trochlea and the semilunar/trochlear notch
2. Between the capitulum and the radial head
3. The proximal radioulnar joint
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
D
In the lateral projection of the knee, the central ray is angled 5° cephalad to prevent superimposition of which of the following structures on the joint space?
A. Lateral femoral condyle
B. Medial femoral condyle
C. Patella
D. Tibial eminence
B
When performing either a Homblad or a Camp-Coventry method of the knee to visualize the intercondylar fossa, which of the following statements are true? (select the two that apply)
A. The knee is flexed 30°°
B. The central ray is directed parallel to the tibial plateau
C. The central ray is directed perpendicular to the long axis of the tibia
D. The central ray is directed parallel to the long axis of the tibia
E. The proximal tibiofibular articulation will be open
B and C
Which of the following is (are) typically associated with a Colles' fracture?
1. Transverse fracture of the radial head
2. Chip fracture of the ulnar styloid
3. Posterior or backward displacement
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
C
Which of the following are evaluation criteria that apply to this lateral forearm? (select the three that apply)
A. Includes proximal carpals
B. Elbow is flexed 90°
C. Radial tuberosity in profile
D. Humeral epicondyles superimposed
E. Superimposition of distal radius and ulna
A, C, and E
Which of the following is (are) valid criteria for a lateral projection of the forearm?
1. The radius and ulna should be superimposed proximally and
distally.
2. The coronoid process and radial head should be superimposed.
3. The radial tuberosity should face anteriorly.
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
C
The term varus refers to
A. turned outward
B. turned inward
C. rotated medially
D. rotated laterally
B
The instrument that is used frequently in quality-control programs to measure varying degrees of x-ray exposure is the
A. aluminum step wedge.
B. spinning top.
C. densitometer.
D. sensitometer.
C
he greater tubercle should be visualized in profile in which of the following?
A. AP shoulder, external rotation
B. AP shoulder, internal rotation
C. AP elbow
D. Lateral elbow
A
Which of the following terms can be used interchangeably to refer to a part moving away from midline, as well as spreading of the fingers and toes apart?
A. Adduction
B. Eversion
C. Abduction
D. Inversion
C
All of the following statements regarding the inferosuperior axial (nontrauma, Lawrence method) projection of the shoulder are true, except
A. the coracoid process and lesser tubercle are seen in profile.
B. the arm is abducted about 90° from the body.
C. the arm should be in internal rotation.
D. the CR is directed medially 25° to 30° through the axilla.
C
Examples of synovial pivot articulations include
1. The atlantoaxial joint
2. radioulnar joint
3. temporomandibular joint
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3 only
B
Which type of articulation is evaluated in arthrography?
A. Synarthrodial
B. Diarthrodial
C. Amphiarthrodial
D. Cartilaginous
B