Why do motivations for self consistency appear weaker among East Asians than among Westerners?

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  1. Social Science
  2. Psychology

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Terms in this set (15)

Research with infants and the perception of phonemes reveals that

a) the lack of exposure to a language can lead people to be unable to distinguish between two phonemes from that language as they get older.
b) very young infants cannot distinguish between two phonemes from an unfamiliar language, whereas older infants can distinguish them.
c) from birth, infants slowly accumulate a growing number of phonemes that they can recognize, until they have learned all of the phonemes in their language.
d) infants from one language group cannot understand the phonemes used by an unfamiliar language group.

a) the lack of exposure to a language can lead people to be unable to distinguish between two phonemes from that language as they get older.

Shweder and colleagues found that Indian parents are more likely to sleep in the same room with their children than are American parents. Given their studies, which of these is the most compelling explanation for their results?

a) Americans place more value on providing parents with exclusive sleeping space.
b) Americans are more concerned about avoiding incest.
c) Indian parents place more value on the moral good of interpersonal harmony.
d) American houses have more rooms than Indian ones.

a) Americans place more value on providing parents with exclusive sleeping space.

Which of the following statements about the relationships between authoritative and authoritarian parenting styles is true?

a) Authoritative parenting uses more democratic reasoning than does authoritarian parenting.
b) Both lead the child to be psychologically maladjusted.
c) Authoritarian parenting and authoritative parenting involve similar levels of parental warmth.
d) Authoritative parenting makes the child less happy than authoritarian parenting.

a) Authoritative parenting uses more democratic reasoning than does authoritarian parenting.

Wan-Ying wants to use the jiào xun type of parenting on her child. What is she NOT likely to do?

a) allow her child to play games, while watching him like a hawk
b) devote lots of time to nurture her child's musical talents
c) show her child that he must bow when speaking to his grandparents
d) watch her child closely while he does his homework

a) allow her child to play games, while watching him like a hawk

Adolescent rebellion

a) is more pronounced in societies with more role distinctions and opportunities.
b) is observed in the vast majority of the world's cultures.
c) is especially pronounced in collectivistic societies.
d) is universal, although adolescent violence is not

a) is more pronounced in societies with more role distinctions and opportunities

Ambrose has an independent self, and Hayden has an interdependent self. Which of the following is true about Hayden?

a) He acts the same way regardless of the context or situation.
b) He is more motivated to be different and unique from others.
c) He is more likely to activate the same brain regions when thinking about himself and his mother.
d) He feels that his identity is based largely on his sense that he's an outgoing and extraverted person.

c) He is more likely to activate the same brain regions when thinking about himself and his mother.

Jaden has a strong sense of his own identity and does not see any sort of divide between strangers he has just met and his family members. What is this characteristic of?

a) interdependent view of self
b) entity theory of self
c) incremental theory of self
d) independent theory of self

d) independent theory of self

One difference between Americans and Hindu Indians is that in the United States

a) the female identity is essentialized, whereas among Hindu Indians the male identity is essentialized.
b) both male and female identities are essentialized, whereas among Hindu Indians the male identity is essentialized, but only among children.
c) the male identity is essentialized, whereas among Hindu Indians the female identity is essentialized.
d) both male and female identities are essentialized, whereas among Hindu Indians only the female identity is essen-tialized.

c) the male identity is essentialized, whereas among Hindu Indians the female identity is essentialized

Which of the following results support the idea that motivations for self-consistency appear weaker among East Asians than among Westerners?

a) In the West, self-consistency correlates more strongly with subjective well-being and with being liked by others than it does in East Asia.
b) East Asian parents tend to punish their children when they act consistently.
c) East Asians tend to complete self-report scales with more extreme opinions than do Westerners.
d) Westerners who are consistent earn more money than those who are not.

a) In the West, self-consistency correlates more strongly with subjective well-being and with being liked by others than it does in East Asia.

The Big Five personality traits

a) emerge identically across cultures, regardless of the language from which the trait terms are derived.
b) do not vary significantly in magnitude across cultures.
c) are only clearly observed in Western cultural contexts.
Correct!
d) do not cover the full extent of personality traits in other cultures, but is still cross-culturally robust.

d) do not cover the full extent of personality traits in other cultures, but is still cross-culturally robust.

Varun is a Fijian immigrant to Canada. After observing him over time, his friends felt like he was not really participating in Canadian culture, nor did he seem to have much to do with his Fijian roots. Which of the following best describes Varun?

a) marginalization strategy
b) separation strategy
c) assimilation strategy
d) Integration strategy

a) marginalization strategy

Which of the following is reliably associated with reduced acculturative stress?

a) cultural fitness
b) extraversion
c) an interdependent view of self
d) an independent view of self

a) cultural fitness

Your friend Pedram is planning to immigrate somewhere and wants to go to a place where he will have the best chance of adjusting to the new culture. Which of the following should you recommend as being the best place for him?

a) a society that espouses values that match Pedram's personality
b) a society in which he will be a visible minority
c) a society that encourages people to code-switch
d) a society in which he will be a nonvisible minority

a) a society that espouses values that match Pedram's personality

Given current research on acculturation and health, which of the following would you expect?

a) Candice has acculturated to the host culture with poor diets, which means she may develop unhealthy habits that lead to adverse health outcomes.
b) John has decided to completely take on the host culture while ignoring his heritage culture, which means he will have the most positive health outcomes.
c) Jessica acculturated more quickly than Jasmine to the host culture, which means Jessica will likely live longer.
d) How much acculturative stress Maggie experiences is unrelated to her overall health.

a) Candice has acculturated to the host culture with poor diets, which means she may develop unhealthy habits that lead to adverse health outcomes.

Jee-Yeong is a bicultural Korean-Canadian who is high in bicultural identity integration. Compared with other bicultural Korean-Canadians who are low on bicultural identity integration, Jee-Yeong

a) will engage in more frame-switching.
b) will more likely adopt an assimilative strategy.
c) is more likely to score high on measures of cultural distance
d) is less likely to acquire undesirable cultural habits.

a) will engage in more frame-switching.

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