A nurse is caring for a female client in the emergency department who reports shortness of breath

Exhibits dyspnea and restlessness

Early signs of ARDS are insidious and difficult to detect, but the nurse should be alert for any early signs of hypoxemia, such as dyspnea, tachypnea, cough, and restlessness in clients at risk for ARDS. Later, tachycardia, diaphoresis, mental status changes, cyanosis, and pallor may be present. Abnormal findings on physical examination or diagnostic studies, such as worsened lung sounds and respiratory distress, respiratory alkalosis, or decreasing PaO2, are usually indications that ARDS has progressed beyond the initial stages.