OverviewPreeclampsia is development of high blood pressure, swelling or high levels of albumin in the urine between the 20th week of pregnancy and the end of the first week after delivery. Eclampsia is development of convulsive seizures or coma without other causes during that same time frame. Show SymptomsSigns of preeclampsia in a pregnant woman include:
In its milder forms, it may appear as borderline high blood pressure, swelling or water retention that doesn't respond to treatment or albumin in the urine. Pregnant women who have blood pressure of 150/110, marked swelling or water retention and high levels of albumin in their urine may also experience disturbances in their sight or have pain in the abdomen. Their reflexes may be hypersensitive. Causes and Risk Factors It is not known what causes these conditions. Preeclampsia develops in about 5% of pregnant women. These women are usually having their first baby or had high blood pressure or vascular disease before they became pregnant. If preeclampsia isn't treated it may suddenly turn into eclampsia. Eclampsia can be fatal without treatment. One complication of preeclampsia is a condition where the placenta detaches too early from the wall of the uterus (abruptio placentae). DiagnosisIn addition to the symptoms, a doctor may order blood tests, an analysis of the urine and tests of liver function. He or she will also try to rule out unsuspected kidney disease. TreatmentThe goal of treatment is to protect the life and health of the mother. This usually assures that the baby survives, too. When a woman has early, mild preeclampsia, she will need strict bed rest. She should be seen by her doctor every two days. She needs to keep her salt intake at normal levels but drink more water. Staying in bed and lying on her left side will increase her need to urinate. This keeps her from becoming dehydrated and her blood from getting concentrated. If she doesn't immediately improve, she may need to go into the hospital. Once she has been admitted, she will be given a balanced salt solution intravenously. She may be given magnesium sulfate intravenously until her reflexes return to normal. This reduces the risk of seizures. At the same time, blood pressure usually goes down. Swelling should begin to go down, too. If the high blood pressure doesn't respond to the magnesium sulfate, other drugs may be tried to lower blood pressure. Both the mother and baby need constant monitoring. The patient should be observed for complications such as headaches, blurred vision, confusion, abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding or loss of fetal heart sounds. Some doctors may admit the patient directly to the intensive care unit for continuous monitoring of the mother and baby. An obstetrician should be involved in the management of the condition. At this point the goal of treatment becomes delivery of the baby. Any woman who has preeclampsia that doesn't respond to treatment should be stabilized and delivery accomplished, no matter how long the pregnancy has been. Mild preeclampsia may take six to eight hours to stabilize. About four to six weeks after the baby is delivered, the signs of preeclampsia should begin to go away. The patient will need to be watched as closely and as often after delivery as she was during labor. About one out of four cases of eclampsia happen during the first two to four days after delivery. Although she may need to stay in the hospital longer than a normal delivery would require, a woman usually recovers after delivery quickly. She should be seen by her doctor one to two weeks after the delivery. It may be necessary for her to take drugs to manage high blood pressure. © 2000-2022 The StayWell Company, LLC. All rights reserved. This information is not intended as a substitute for professional medical care. Always follow your healthcare professional's instructions. ABOUT DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT Preeclampsia is development of high blood pressure, swelling or high levels of albumin in the urine between the 20th week of pregnancy and the end of the first week after delivery. Eclampsia is development of convulsive seizures or coma without other causes during that same time frame. Signs of preeclampsia in a pregnant woman include:
In its milder forms, it may appear as borderline high blood pressure, swelling or water retention that doesn't respond to treatment or albumin in the urine. Pregnant women who have blood pressure of 150/110, marked swelling or water retention and high levels of albumin in their urine may also experience disturbances in their sight or have pain in the abdomen. Their reflexes may be hypersensitive. Causes and Risk Factors It is not known what causes these conditions. Preeclampsia develops in about 5% of pregnant women. These women are usually having their first baby or had high blood pressure or vascular disease before they became pregnant. If preeclampsia isn't treated it may suddenly turn into eclampsia. Eclampsia can be fatal without treatment. One complication of preeclampsia is a condition where the placenta detaches too early from the wall of the uterus (abruptio placentae). In addition to the symptoms, a doctor may order blood tests, an analysis of the urine and tests of liver function. He or she will also try to rule out unsuspected kidney disease. The goal of treatment is to protect the life and health of the mother. This usually assures that the baby survives, too. When a woman has early, mild preeclampsia, she will need strict bed rest. She should be seen by her doctor every two days. She needs to keep her salt intake at normal levels but drink more water. Staying in bed and lying on her left side will increase her need to urinate. This keeps her from becoming dehydrated and her blood from getting concentrated. If she doesn't immediately improve, she may need to go into the hospital. Once she has been admitted, she will be given a balanced salt solution intravenously. She may be given magnesium sulfate intravenously until her reflexes return to normal. This reduces the risk of seizures. At the same time, blood pressure usually goes down. Swelling should begin to go down, too. If the high blood pressure doesn't respond to the magnesium sulfate, other drugs may be tried to lower blood pressure. Both the mother and baby need constant monitoring. The patient should be observed for complications such as headaches, blurred vision, confusion, abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding or loss of fetal heart sounds. Some doctors may admit the patient directly to the intensive care unit for continuous monitoring of the mother and baby. An obstetrician should be involved in the management of the condition. At this point the goal of treatment becomes delivery of the baby. Any woman who has preeclampsia that doesn't respond to treatment should be stabilized and delivery accomplished, no matter how long the pregnancy has been. Mild preeclampsia may take six to eight hours to stabilize. About four to six weeks after the baby is delivered, the signs of preeclampsia should begin to go away. The patient will need to be watched as closely and as often after delivery as she was during labor. About one out of four cases of eclampsia happen during the first two to four days after delivery. Although she may need to stay in the hospital longer than a normal delivery would require, a woman usually recovers after delivery quickly. She should be seen by her doctor one to two weeks after the delivery. It may be necessary for her to take drugs to manage high blood pressure. © 2000-2021 The StayWell Company, LLC. All rights reserved. This information is not intended as a substitute for professional medical care. Always follow your healthcare professional's instructions. A woman who may have signs of early or mild preeclampsia will have her blood tested to detect additional signs of preeclampsia. A woman who has preeclampsia may have specific blood tests to help assess her health.
Related InformationWhat lab values are concerning for preeclampsia?Gestational hypertension can progress into preeclampsia. Severe preeclampsia occurs when a pregnant woman has any of the following: Systolic blood pressure of 160 mmHg or higher or diastolic blood pressure of 110 mmHg or higher on two occasions at least 4 hours apart while the patient is on bed rest.
What are baseline preeclampsia labs?A baseline laboratory evaluation should be performed early in pregnancy in women who are at high risk for preeclampsia. Tests should include a hepatic enzyme level, a platelet count, a serum creatinine level, and a 12- to 24-hour urine collection for total protein measurement.
What tests confirm preeclampsia?To diagnose preeclampsia, your health care provider measures your blood pressure and tests your urine for protein at every prenatal visit.. Ultrasound.. Nonstress test. This test checks your baby's heart rate.. Biophysical profile. This test combines the nonstress test with an ultrasound.. |
A pregnant client is admitted to the unit for preeclampsia. what lab values would be of concern
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