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American Journal of Sociology Vol. 46, No. 6 (May, 1941) , pp. 843-852 (10 pages) Published By: The University of Chicago Press https://www.jstor.org/stable/2769393 Read and download Log in through your school or library Read Online (Free) relies on page scans, which are not currently available to screen readers. To access this article, please contact JSTOR User Support. We'll provide a PDF copy for your screen reader.With a personal account, you can read up to 100 articles each month for free. Get StartedAlready have an account? Log in Monthly Plan
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Abstract Urban concentralization may signify either the settlement of a large percentage of a nation's population in metropolitan areas or the concentration of the dwellers of any city into a compact mass with high population density per acre. The term is used in this article in both senses. The urban functions that once contributed to urban centralization, namely, (1) centralized governmental power, (2) defense, (3) religion, (4) amusement, (5) trade, (6) industry, (7) transportation, (8) finance and banking, and (9) utilities, are now promoting urban decentralization in the form of the exodus of the residential population from central areas to the periphery of cities. A historical review of urban development shows that the original small nations in the Mediterranean basin were finally merged into the Roman Empire, with the apex of ancient urban civilization at Rome itself. The disintegration of the Roman Empire caused urban decentralization in the sense of the breaking-up of large cities. The small feudal states of the early Middle Ages could support only villages or small towns in Europe. The rise of modern urban communities began with the growth of commerce and the discoveries of the Portuguese and Spanish navigators. England became the first great commercial manufacturing nation and became highly urbanized by the middle of the nineteenth century. The United States and Germany made rapid progress in industrialization and urbanization from 1851 to 1891. The competition between rival industrial-urban nations was one of the chief causes of World War I. After 1920, Russia, Italy, and Japan endeavored to develop self-sufficing industrial-military systems, thereby increasing the population of their great cities but also heightening the tension leading to World War II. The prospects for continued urban centralization in all these powers are not favorable, for the victory of one group of nations will tend to inhibit the growth of urbanism in the defeated states. Journal Information Current issues are now on the Chicago Journals website. Read the latest issue.Established in 1895 as the first US scholarly journal in its field, the American Journal of Sociology (AJS) presents pathbreaking work from all areas of sociology, with an emphasis on theory building and innovative methods. AJS strives to speak to the general sociology reader and is open to contributions from across the social sciences—political science, economics, history, anthropology, and statistics in addition to sociology—that seriously engage the sociological literature to forge new ways of understanding the social. AJS offers a substantial book review section that identifies the most salient work of both emerging and enduring scholars of social science. Commissioned review essays appear occasionally, offering the readers a comparative, in-depth examination of prominent titles. Publisher Information Since its origins in 1890 as one of the three main divisions of the University of Chicago, The University of Chicago Press has embraced as its mission the obligation to disseminate scholarship of the highest standard and to publish serious works that promote education, foster public understanding, and enrich cultural life. Today, the Journals Division publishes more than 70 journals and hardcover serials, in a wide range of academic disciplines, including the social sciences, the humanities, education, the biological and medical sciences, and the physical sciences. Rights & Usage This item is part of a JSTOR Collection. How did the Industrial Revolution change the physical design of cities?With the Industrial Revolution, how did the physical design of cities change? Cities took on a new focus on business. Winding streets gave way to broad and straight boulevards. Urban populations became much larger.
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How much did the world's population increase during the twentieth century?In the 20th century the world population grew 4 times and economic output 40 times.
Do United States is a high income country therefore we would expect population increase to result from which of the following?The United States is a high-income country; therefore, we would expect population increase to result from which of the following? the number of males for every 100 females in the population. Currently, about how many people are added to the world's population each year?
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