How the web works provides a simplified view of what happens when you view a webpage in a web browser on
your computer or phone. This theory is not essential to writing web code in the short term, but before long you'll really start to benefit from understanding what's happening in the background. Computers connected to the internet are
called clients and servers. A simplified diagram of how they interact might look like this:
The client and server we've described above don't tell the whole story. There are many other parts involved, and we'll describe them below. For now, let's imagine that the web is a road. On one end of the road is the client, which is like your house. On the other end of the road is the server, which is a shop you want to buy something from.
In addition to the client and the server, we also need to say hello to:
So what happens, exactly?When you type a web address into your browser (for our analogy that's like walking to the shop):
Order in which component files are parsedWhen browsers send requests to servers for HTML files, those HTML files often contain
DNS explainedReal web addresses aren't the nice, memorable strings you type into your address bar to find your favorite websites. They are special numbers that look like this: This is called an IP address, and it represents a unique location on the web. However, it's not very easy to remember, is it? That's why Domain Name Servers were invented. These are special servers that match up a web address you type into your browser (like "mozilla.org") to the website's real (IP) address. Websites can be reached directly via their IP addresses. You can use a DNS lookup tool to find the IP address of a website. Packets explainedEarlier we used the term "packets" to describe the format in which the data is sent from server to client. What do we mean here? Basically, when data is sent across the web, it is sent in thousands of small chunks. There are multiple reasons why data is sent in small packets. They are sometimes dropped or corrupted, and it's easier to replace small chunks when this happens. Additionally, the packets can be routed along different paths, making the exchange faster and allowing many different users to download the same website at the same time. If each website was sent as a single big chunk, only one user could download it at a time, which obviously would make the web very inefficient and not much fun to use. See alsoCreditIn this moduleWhich of the following protocols is for software requests of Web pages from the Internet?Whenever you visit a page on the web, your computer uses the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) to download that page from another computer somewhere on the Internet.
Is the web based on the WWW protocol?The web users access World Wide Web through HTTP. HTTP stands for HyperText Transfer Protocol. All the web links are based on HTTP protocol. It is widely used to html programming to link webpages, images, videos and other content over internet.
On which of the following protocols is the Internet based?TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol and is a suite of communication protocols used to interconnect network devices on the internet. TCP/IP is also used as a communications protocol in a private computer network (an intranet or extranet).
Which of these protocols are used by the browser in fetching and loading the webpage?HTTP is a protocol for fetching resources such as HTML documents. It is the foundation of any data exchange on the Web and it is a client-server protocol, which means requests are initiated by the recipient, usually the Web browser.
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