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European Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 20, No. 1 (2005) , pp. 49-57 (9 pages) Published By: Springer https://www.jstor.org/stable/25047407 Read and download Log in through your school or library Abstract The purpose of this study is to analyze contributions of mortality change by age group and selected causes of death to the increase in life expectancy at birth from 1950 to 2000 in Japan, which has the longest longevity in the world. Using mortality data from Japanese vital statistics from 1950 to 2000, we analyzed contributions of mortality change by age group and selected causes of death to the increase in life expectancy at birth by the method of decomposition of changes and calculated age-adjusted death rates for selected causes of death. Gastroenteritis, tuberculosis and pneumonia largely contributed to an increase in life expectancy in childhood and in the young in the 1950s and 1960s. The largest contributing disease changed from tuberculosis and pneumonia in earlier decades to cerebrovascular diseases in the 1970s. The largest contributing age group also shifted to older age groups. Age-adjusted death rate for cerebrovascular diseases in 2000 was one fifth of the 1965 level. Cerebrovascular diseases contributed to an increase in life expectancy at birth of 2.9 years in males and 3.1 years in females from 1970 to 2000. In the 1990s, the largest contributing age group, both among males and among females, was the 75-84 age group. Of the selected causes of death, heart diseases other than ischemic heart disease became the largest contributor to the increase in life expectancy at birth. Unlike cerebrovascular diseases, cancer and ischemic heart disease contributed little to change in life expectancy at birth over the past 50 years. In conclusion, although mortality from ischemic heart disease has not increased since 1970 and remained low compared with levels in western countries, mortality from cerebrovascular diseases has dramatically decreased since the mid-1960s in Japan. This gave Japan the longest life expectancy at birth in the world. It is necessary to study future trends in life expectancy at birth in Japan. Journal Information European Journal of Epidemiology, published for the first time in 1985, serves as a forum on the epidemiology of communicable and non-communicable diseases and their control. The results of epidemiologic studies are essential arguments for action in the field of public health policies and efforts are made to bring the journal to the decision makers' attention. The journal is also a source of material for those who are actively engaged in teaching epidemiology. The journal covers the different fields of epidemiology, a science which has always been multidisciplinary by nature: contributions are encouraged from the fields of public health planning and control, economy, preventive medicine, clinical trials, vaccinology, psychology, molecular biology, mathematical modelization and computer sciences. Publisher Information Springer is one of the leading international scientific publishing companies, publishing over 1,200 journals and more than 3,000 new books annually, covering a wide range of subjects including biomedicine and the life sciences, clinical medicine, physics, engineering, mathematics, computer sciences, and economics. Rights & Usage This item is part of a JSTOR Collection. Health and age-related changes A snapshot of today’s older adults and facts to help dispel myths about aging. The United States — and the world — are aging. The number of Americans aged 65 and older is projected to double from 46 million to more than 98 million by 2060. It will be the first time in history that the number of older adults outnumbers children under age 5. In addition, older adults will live longer than ever before: One out of every four 65-year-olds today will live past age 90. This demographic shift has moved the focus of researchers, health care providers and policymakers from how to extend the lifespan to ways to improve the quality of our later years. Staying healthy, active and productive are admirable goals for our nation’s older adults. However, society’s view of “old age” has not always kept up with the reality of being old in America. Many current beliefs about aging were based on information that is no longer valid given recent scientific advances. Perspective about today’s older adultsWhy not all older adults are alikeMany assume that older adults are all alike. However, as this age group includes five decades of individuals, the differences among older adults are great — actually greater than those seen in other age groups.
Cognitive and mental health
Physical healthA number of physical changes and health issues are more common as we age. However, just as all older adults are not the same, their health status also varies. Many are active and healthy, whereas others are frail, with multiple health conditions.
Reality or myth: Which is it?People are often classified by age group and not by individual characteristics. This categorization often results in inaccurate stereotypes about aging and older adults. The following statements reflect either the reality or a myth about older Americans. What you can do to make aging well a realityOlder adults who rate their health as good are twice as satisfied with life as older adults who rate their health as poor. Increase your chances of aging well by taking some of the following steps.
ConclusionArmed with the facts about the myths and realities of aging, individuals, families, and our society are better able to view older adults as resources and to provide appropriate support for those in need of assistance. Last updated: September 2021Date created: April 1998 Contact the Office on AgingWhich if the following is the leading cause of death in the 75 to 84?Despite the similar slowdown in mortality improvement among people who are 75 to 84 years old, cardiovascular diseases have been the leading cause of death since 1999, followed by cancer (Figure 2). Which of the following is the leading cause of death in the 75 to 84 and 85 and over age groups quizlet?Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for adults over the age of 75. true, In the 75—84 and 85-and-over age groups, cardiovascular disease is still the leading cause of death. Which of the following is the leading cause of death in the elderly quizlet?Terms in this set (13) The leading causes of death for older adults are: heart disease, cancer, stroke, and Alzheimer's disease. Which of the following is the most frequent form of ageism?Frequent Types The most frequent type of ageism, reported by 58 percent, was Item 1: "I was told a joke that pokes fun at old people." Which if the following is the leading cause of death in the 75 to 84?Despite the similar slowdown in mortality improvement among people who are 75 to 84 years old, cardiovascular diseases have been the leading cause of death since 1999, followed by cancer (Figure 2).
Which of the following is the leading cause of death in the 75 to 84 and 85 and over age groups quizlet?Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for adults over the age of 75. true, In the 75—84 and 85-and-over age groups, cardiovascular disease is still the leading cause of death.
What is the primary cause of death for individuals 85 years and older?Heart disease leads causes of death in U.S. among those 85 or older.
What is the leading cause of death by age?Leading Causes of Death – Males – All races and origins – United States, 2016. |