 Show Viruses, Volume 14, Issue 2 (February 2022) – 281 articles
Cover Story (view full-size image): Single-stranded RNA bacteriophages (ssRNA phages) infect a variety of Gram-negative bacteria. Combining computational modeling and single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, Chang et. al. built the complete structure of an ssRNA phage, Qβ. From the structure, they revealed RNA/RNA and RNA/protein interactions based on which to propose a pathway for virion assembly. Interestingly, different forms of the Qβ virus-like particles (VLPs) were purified from an infection event, revealing that there are non-canonical pathways of viral assembly in nature, and the length of the encapsidated RNA may affect the formation of these VLPs. These results provide structural insights into virion assembly in ssRNA phages. View this paper
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Terms in this set (94)Which type of immunity does a person who has recovered from chickenpox develop Natural and active immunity Infectious waste is what percentage of all medical waste? small Which vaccine is offered at no cost to healthcare workers within 10 days of employment if no proof of said vaccine is evident? hepatitis B Which type of infection occurs through pathogens carried through the aerosol spray generated during dental procedures? Droplet infection What is the reason behind wearing protective masks that do not contact the mouth? The mask becomes inefficient due to moisture generation Which type of gloves are used to dispose of extracted teeth, soft tissue, and blood-soaked gauze? utinity gloves Which protective barrier is donned last, before treating a patient? gloves How should contaminated gloves be handled upon leaving the patient's chairside? Removed and discarded Which protocol is used to sterilize reusable metal impression trays? Clean and heat-sterilize. Dental aerosols may contain which types of minute particles? saliva blood caries Which type of transmission occurs through the eyes or mouth? Permucosal Which precautions should be taken to avoid itchy, red palms caused by wearing latex gloves? Use nonlatex gloves Wash the hands frequently Dry the palms after washing What are the possible modes of transmission of tuberculosis from a patient to a dentist? Airborne transmission Which type of gloves would the dental team wear during a surgical procedure? Sterile surgical gloves Which type of infection is tuberculosis? lung Which diseases are spread through direct transmission? Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease. What is encouraged by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)? Developing a written medical waste management program What minimizes the production of dental aerosol? Rubber dam High volume evacuation An office manager who cleans treatment rooms when needed is categorized as which type of employee by the OSHA Blood-Borne Pathogen (BBP) Standard? II Which type of viral infection might a patient have when the symptoms are initially severe but subside within two weeks? a common cold virus What is the most likely reason that a clinical glove would tear while a dental assistant is handling chemicals? Chemical reaction in the gloves There is no known cure for a latex allergy. true Alcohol-based rubs are sufficient for hand asepsis if hands are not visibly soiled. true Which items are personal protective clothing? Shoes,Scrubs,Gloves, Lab coat,Disposable gown Which hand hygiene protocol is recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)? Fingernails should be kept at ¼-inch length, or less.,Hand lotion should be used to prevent skin dryness and chapping., Presurgical hand hygiene includes washing with antimicrobial soap and water. When should personal protective equipment be removed? before leaving the office Which Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ranking of evidence strongly recommends implementation of existing scientific data supported by epidemiological studies and a strong theoretical rationale? Category IB How is the amount of transient and resident hand microorganisms affected upon donning gloves? Dramatically increase The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is involved in which aspect of infection control? Regulating medical waste once it leaves the dental office Which is a type of infection? Acute,Latent Chronic Droplet At which point should an impression or prosthesis enter the receiving area of the laboratory? Once it has been disinfected properly How often must an exposure control plan be reviewed and updated? annualy What are the modes of transmission if a healthcare worker is stuck by a sharps used on a hepatitis virus carrier? direct and parental transmission In which situations does a dental assistant wear direct patient care gloves? nvasive procedures involving bone cutting, Oral surgery Which reduces the spread of microorganisms? Dispense patient items at chairside before treatment begins. Which type of waste disposal is governed by state-specific and local regulations, and varies from one state to another? Sharps, Infectious waste Hazardous waste Blood and blood-soaked materials In the development of infectious disease, which step immediately follows the spread of a microorganism to a new person? Entry of the microorganism into the person How would a dental care professional prevent passing an infection outside of the clinical setting? Handwashing before leaving the clinic Changing clothes prior to leaving the clinic Although unlikely, what are the possible modes of hepatitis B disease transmission in the dental office? Through direct contact with infected blood Through the equipment used for the procedure How does artificial immunization inoculate the recipient? dead microorganism A weakened microorganism An active toxin of the microorganism An antigenic part of the microorganism Which details are not included as part of the employee medical recorded? Copy of driver's license or photo identification Which records are required for medical waste disposal? How it was disposed When it was disposed Where it was disposed Which mode of transmission of Hepatitis B occurs from handling contaminated instruments used on a patient who is a carrier of HBV? indirect transmission Examination gloves have which limitation? Provide little protection from sharps-related injuries. Why does the dental assistant ask the patient to rinse with an antimicrobial mouth rinse before performing a dental procedure? To reduce pathogens in the spatter In a dental clinic, why is the lead foil from x-ray film packets discarded? hazarious waste Which is the correct method of disposal for a tooth containing an amalgam restoration? Disposal with biohazard symbol which lead federal agency is recognized for protecting the health and safety of people at home and abroad? CDC Which type of immunity does a newborn baby receive from the placenta or breast milk? Natural and passive immunity Which type of gloves should a dentist wear while performing a root canal procedure? sterile surgical gloves Where is the headquarters for the U.S. Food and Drug Administration located? Rockville Which dental healthcare worker is responsible for making sure the office is in compliance with OSHA? dentist Which group publishes the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report? CDC Where is the headquarters for the Canadian Dental Assistants Association (CDAA) located? Ottawa Which nonregulatory federal agency provides national and worldwide leadership to prevent work-related illness and injuries? National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Which agency should a dental assistant contact to receive regular dental information regarding the percentage of the population affected with dental decay? Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) What are the duties and responsibilities of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)? Conduct research for work-related injuries and disease prevention. Enforce regulations for work-related injuries and disease prevention. Investigate potentially hazardous conditions if requested by employees. Make recommendations for work-related injuries and disease prevention. Provide training to professionals of occupational health and safety occupations. Which is a possible action taken by U.S. federal regulatory agencies against dental offices that fail to correct unsafe conditions? Close the workplace until the problem is corrected Which regulatory agency approval is required for the manufacturing and labeling of an autoclave before its use in the dental office? Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Which agency makes recommendations for infection control procedures practiced in dentistry? CDC Which agency is located in Atlanta, Georgia? CDC Which organization will help the dental assistant to learn more about instrument processing and management techniques for dental unit waterlines? OSAP Which organization would conduct surveys related to allergic reactions to products made of latex in healthcare professionals? National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Which dental research institute provides information exclusively about the new diagnostic techniques related to the cleft palate? National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) Which is true of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)? Approve dental masks Regulate labeling of medical devices Which is the agency whose mission is to promote the general health of the American people? NIDCR There is only one government agency that has a direct influence on dentistry. FALSE What are the possible penalties levied by regulatory agencies when dental offices fail to comply with the prescribed rules and regulations? Fine How is the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) associated with dentistry? The EPA ensures the safety and effectiveness of disinfectants. Which organization conducts research regarding work-related diseases? National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Which dental team members are eligible to be members of the American Dental Assistants Association? Dental office manager Clinical dental assistant Dental office receptionist Which is the primary agency for conducting and supporting medical research?
National Institutes of Health (NIH) What are the duties of the agency whose headquarters is located at Cincinnati, Ohio? Provide training to occupational safety and health professionals Investigate potentially hazardous conditions based on employee request Make recommendations for prevention of work-related disease and injury Which agency is most important for a dental professional to include when conducting research? National Institutes of Health (NIH) What is the objective behind a member of the American Dental Assistants Association (ADAA) aiming to create a spirit of cooperation and friendliness despite criticism? To be a coworker Which organization would be a source of data on mortality and morbidity? Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) In addition to education on blood borne pathogens, what is an additional role of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration? Issue citations to a dental office that fails to meet safety requirements Which federal institute promotes the oral and dental health of the American people? National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) Which agency would be most likely to provide information to a parent community group that has concerns about infectious disease in the community? Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Which regulatory federal agency ensures the safety and health of American workers by setting and enforcing standards? OSHA A dental assistant need not worry about remaining current in the field of dentistry. Falsa What are the roles of the Public Health Agency of Canada? To prevent and control chronic diseases and injuries To prevent infectious diseases among the population To prepare and respond to public health emergencie Which is the oldest and largest group that represents the dental assistant? ADAA Which agency is a division of the U.S. Department of Labor? OSHA Which authorized agency summons disinfectant manufacturers to submit information regarding the safety and effectiveness of their products? EPA Which governmental agencies are related to dentistry? CDC, FDA, EPA, OSHA, and NIOSH From what does OSHA protect the American worker? Physical hazards Chemical hazards Infectious hazard OSAP is the premier infection-control education organization in dentistry. TRue Ultraviolet (UV) rays are among the technologies that are being studied and applied in the areas of disinfection and sterilization. Which elements are sterilized with UV rays? Surgical hood Inoculating hoods Which packaging materials are most likely to be used during unsaturated chemical vapor sterilization? Paper wrap, Plastic peel pouches Wrapped perforated cassettes What happens if additional instruments are placed in the autoclave once the sterilization cycle has begun? Sterilization starts from the beginning again once the door is closed. The cooler instruments significantly lower the temperature of the oven. Only the original instruments are sterilized; the instruments added later remain unsterilized. Which organization would grant approval for an ultrasonic cleaner that is used in the dental office? Food and Drug Administration (FDA) When would the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) choose to visit a dental office for a safety inspection? When the dentist requests a visit When an employee makes a complaint Random visits to offices with eleven or more employees Regulations are made by groups or agencies that have the authority to enforce compliance with the regulations. true Sets with similar termsChapter 22 Regulatory and Advisory Agencies20 terms macaela_silva unit six health science fun65 terms sophiajane1 C&PH Chapter 1627 terms jlr3571 Phlebotomy Chapter 3: Infection Control, Safety, F…42 terms BLC_maggiehawes Sets found in the same folderChapter 43 - Restorative & Esthetic Dental Materia…39 terms lilyiris369 DA Chapter 43 Recall Questions25 terms MybeatlebugsMom Dental Instruments119 terms MsUriarteUEI DA 51A Dental Rubber Dam and Matrix Band39 terms rchvz106 Other sets by this creatorEmbryology Ch. 325 terms lehanh2207 Opioid and Non-opioid Analgesics38 terms lehanh2207 Eaglesoft Quiz Study Guide71 terms lehanh2207 Unit 2 imflammation & repair7 terms lehanh2207 Recommended textbook solutionsThe Human Body in Health and Disease7th EditionGary A. Thibodeau, Kevin T. Patton 1,505 solutions
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Which organization provides information exclusively about the new diagnostic techniques related to the cleft plate?
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