Show Recommended textbook solutions Essentials of Investments9th EditionAlan J. Marcus, Alex Kane, Zvi Bodie 689 solutions Fundamentals of Financial Management14th EditionEugene F. Brigham, Joel F Houston 845 solutions Financial Accounting4th EditionDon Herrmann, J. David Spiceland, Wayne Thomas 1,097 solutions Fundamentals of Financial Management, Concise Edition10th EditionEugene F. Brigham, Joel Houston 777 solutions Recommended textbook solutionsIntermediate Accounting14th EditionDonald E. Kieso, Jerry J. Weygandt, Terry D. Warfield 1,471 solutions Essentials of Investments9th EditionAlan J. Marcus, Alex Kane, Zvi Bodie 689 solutions Fundamentals of Financial Management, Concise Edition10th EditionEugene F. Brigham, Joel Houston 777 solutions
Accounting23rd EditionCarl S Warren, James M Reeve, Jonathan E. Duchac 2,210 solutions By their nature, product costs "attach" to the inventory and are recorded in the inventory account. These costs are directly connected with the bringing of goods to the place of business of the buyer and converting such goods to a salable condition. Such charges would include freight charges on goods purchased, other direct costs of acquisition, and labor and other production costs incurred in processing the goods up to the time of sale. Period costs are not considered to be directly related to the acquisition or production of goods and therefore are not considered to be a part of inventories. Conceptually, these expenses are as much a cost of the product as the initial purchase price and related freight charges attached to the product. While selling expenses are generally considered as more directly related to the cost of goods sold than to the unsold inventory, in most cases, though, the costs, especially administrative expenses, are so unrelated or indirectly related to the immediate production process that any allocation is purely arbitrary. Interest costs are considered a cost of financing and are generally expensed as incurred, when related to getting inventories ready for sale. The first-in, first-out method approximates the specific identification method when the physical flow of goods is on a FIFO basis. When the goods are subject to spoilage or deterioration, FIFO is particularly appropriate. In comparison to the specific identification method, an attractive aspect of FIFO is the elimination of the danger of artificial determination of income by the selection of advantageously priced items to be sold. The basic assumption is that costs should be charged in the order in which they are incurred. As a result, the inventories are stated at the latest costs. Where the inventory is consumed and valued in the FIFO manner, there is no accounting recognition of unrealized gain or loss. A criticism of the FIFO method is that it maximizes the effects of price fluctuations upon reported income because current revenue is matched with the oldest costs which are probably least similar to current replacement costs. On the other hand, this method produces a balance sheet value for the asset close to current replacement costs. It is claimed that FIFO is deceptive when used in a period of rising prices because the reported income is not fully available since a part of it must be used to replace inventory at higher cost. The results achieved by the average-cost method resemble those of the specific identification method where items are chosen at random or there is a rapid inventory turnover. Compared with the specific identification method, the average-cost method has the advantage that the goods need not be individually identified; therefore accounting is not so costly and the method can be applied to fungible goods. The average-cost method is also appropriate when there is no marked trend in price changes. In opposition, it is argued that the method is illogical. Since it assumes that all sales are made proportionally from all purchases and that inventories will always include units from the first purchases, it is argued that the method is illogical because it is contrary to the chronological flow of goods. In addition, in periods of price changes there is a lag between current costs and costs assigned to income or to the valuation of inventories. If it is assumed that actual cost is the appropriate method of valuing inventories, last-in, first-out is not theoretically correct. In general, LIFO is directly adverse to the specific identification method because the goods are not valued in accordance with their usual physical flow. An exception is the application of LIFO to piled coal or ores which are more or less consumed in a LIFO manner. Proponents argue that LIFO provides a better
matching of current costs and revenues. On December 31, 2016, the inventory of Powhattan Company amounts to $800,000. During 2017, the company decides to use the dollar-value LIFO method of costing inventories. On December 31, 2017, the inventory is $1,053,000 at December 31, 2017, prices. Using the December 31, 2016, price level of 100 and the December 31, 2017, price level of 108, compute the inventory value at December 31, 2017, under the dollar-value LIFO method. December 31, 2017 inventory at December 31, 2016 prices, $1,053,000 ÷ 1.08 Less: Inventory, December 31, 2016 Increment added during 2017 at base prices Increment added during 2017 at December 31, 2017 prices, $175,000 X 1.08
Add:Inventory at December 31, 2016 Inventory, December 31, 2017, under dollar-value LIFO method What is the production report quizlet?production report ** process costing report that provides information about the number of units and manufacturing costs that flow through a production process during an accounting period The production report serves two purposes. ** production report.
Which of the following should not be reported in inventory?The correct answer is Option (d). Machinery used in the production process will not be classified as inventory.
What is considered inventory quizlet?Inventories. are asset items that a company holds for sale in the ordinary course of. business, or goods that it will use or consume in the production of goods to be. sold.
Which of the following inventory accounts consists of items for which the manufacturing process is complete?Finished goods inventory is the third and final classification of inventory that is used for accounting purposes by manufacturing companies, the items that are sold to the customer.
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Factory supplies to be consumed in the production process are reported as Quizlet
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