Which approach to psychology focuses on the body especially the brain and nervous system?

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Understanding Brain Science and Cognitive Psychology
Brain Science and Cognitive Psychology Applied
What approach focuses on the body especially the brain and nervous system?
What type of psychology focuses on the nervous system?
Which psychological perspective examines how the brain and the nervous system affect behavior?
Which kind of psychologist specializes in the study of the nervous system the brain and things like the relationship between sensations and emotions?

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Cognitive psychologists, sometimes called brain scientists, study how the human brain works — how we think, remember and learn. They apply psychological science to understand how we perceive events and make decisions.

Understanding Brain Science and Cognitive Psychology

The human brain is an amazing and powerful tool. It allows us to learn, see, remember, hear, perceive, understand and create language. Sometimes, the human brain also fails us.

Cognitive psychologists study how people acquire, perceive, process and store information. This work can range from exploring how we learn language to understanding the interplay between cognition and emotion.

New technologies like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allow researchers to see a picture of the brain at work — helping them to understand how a brain reacts to a particular stimulus or how differences in brain structure can affect a person’s health, personality or cognitive functioning.

Brain Science and Cognitive Psychology Applied

Brain science and cognitive psychology is one of the most versatile psychological specialty areas today — and one of the most in demand. All professions have a compelling interest in how the brain works. Educators, curriculum designers, engineers, scientists, judges, public health and safety officials, architects and graphic designers all want to know more about how the brain processes information. Their research and its resulting applications have become an integral part of how organizations, schools and businesses function and succeed. In clinical settings, cognitive psychologists seek to treat issues related to human mental processes, including Alzheimer’s disease, speech issues, memory loss and sensory or perception difficulties.

Last updated: May 2022Date created: January 2014

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Psychology


Dr. Amani is interested in investigating why women are more able to correctly interpret emotional expressions than men. In this case, he is most interested in the scientific goal of _____ behavior.	explaining
Behavior is _____; mental processes are _____.	observable/private
Psychology began as a science in the discipline of	philosophy.
Wilhelm Wundt’s approach to discovering the basic elements of mental processes is called	structuralism.
Psychologists who adopt a _____ approach examine behavior and mental processes through focusing on the body, especially the brain and nervous system.	biological
_____ believed that psychology should be about what people do, and should not concern itself with what cannot be seen, such as thoughts, feelings, and goals.	B.F Skinner
In his practice, Dr. Wagner stresses the role of unconscious processes and unresolved childhood conflicts that influences individuals' behavior. Dr. Wagner's belief aligns with the _____ approach to psychology.	psychodynamic
The _____ approach to psychology relies on concepts such as adaptation, reproduction, and natural selection when explaining human behavior.	evolutionary
If a psychologist studies about the behavioral differences between people from two religions, he or she is most likely following the _____ approach to psychology.	socialculture
_____ are performed mainly by clinical psychologists when, for either practical or ethical reasons, the unique aspects of an individual’s life cannot be duplicated and tested in other individuals.	case studies
Which of the following theorists primarily used the structuralism approach to studying human behavior?	William Wundt
The _____ approach emphasizes the scientific study of observable behavioral responses and their environmental determinants.	behavioral
Which of the following techniques involves an analyst unlocking a person's unconscious conflicts by talking with the individual about his or her childhood memories, dreams, thoughts, and feelings?	psychoanalysis
According to _____ psychologists, your brain houses a "mind" whose mental processes allow you to remember, make decisions, plan, set goals, and be creative.	cognitive
he explains that most people help a crying child because they choose to live by higher values such as altruism. In this scenario, Dennis’s explanation is reflective of the _____ approach to psychology.	humanistic
According to evolutionary psychologists	human behavior is traceable to problems early humans faced in adapting to their environments.
Which of the following is the first step in the scientific method?	observing some phenomenon
A(n) _____ is a broad idea or closely related set of ideas that attempts to explain observations and to make predictions about future observations.	Theory
She believes that there is a strong causal relationship between students’ frequency of study and their grades in school. In the context of psychology’s scientific method, in order to test her theory, Allie would first have to state a	Hypothesis
_____ provide an objective description of how variables are going to be measured and observed in a particular study.	Operational definitions
The somatic nervous system consists of motor nerves, whose function is to _____.	tell muscles what to do
The bell that rang in the hall signaled the end of class. You get up, pick up your things, and walk out the classroom door. Which kind of nerves sent the signals from your brain to your muscles to initiate your physical movements?	efferent
The term plasticity refers to the	brain's special capacity for modification and change.
_____ stress is the momentary stress that occurs in response to life experiences.	acute
The function of the _____ is to take messages to and from the body's internal organs, monitoring such processes as breathing, heart rate, and digestion.	autonomic nervous system
Which of the following essential body functions are under the control of the autonomic nervous system?	functions of the heart rate , breathing and digestion
Corticosteroids are	stress horomones
Which of the following characteristics of the nervous system best reflects the brain's ability to coordinate information from all five senses?	integration
Ashley, a secretary at Plato Inc., is typing on her computer, talking on the phone, and handing some papers to her colleague simultaneously. Which of the following characteristics of the nervous system is best illustrated in this scenario?	complexity
The _____ system is the body's electrochemical communication circuitry.	nervous
_____ provide support, nutritional benefits, and other functions in the nervous system.	glial cells
The somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system are components of the	peripheral nervous system.
Plasticity best reflects which of the following characteristics of the nervous system?	adaptability
The function of sensory nerves of the somatic nervous system is to	convey information from the skin and muscles to the CNS about conditions such as pain and temperature.
Normally, when a neuron is not transmitting information and a slight negative charge is present on the inside of the cell membrane, it is said to be	resting
Which of the following is one of the functions of the sympathetic nervous system?	fight or flight reaction
The brain and spinal cord make up the	central nervous system
Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that plays an important role in	learning and memory
In the context of the neural impulse, the membrane that encases the axon is called semipermeable because	fluids can sometimes flow into and out of it.
You are listening to a lecture. Then the bell rings in the hallway. In order to hear this stimulus, _____ nerves must carry electrochemical messages from your ears to your brain.	afferent
Cognitive psychology is the study of	mental processes
Attention, deep processing, elaboration, and the use of mental imagery are _____ processes.	encoding
Developmental psychologists use the term _____ to refer to a person's genes or biological inheritance.	nature
Why are computers considered to be an oversimplified model of the mind's processing of information?	Computer input information is pre-coded and ambiguities are removed before processing.
_____ are differences between individuals that stem not necessarily from their ages but from the historical period and society in which they were born and developed.	cohort effect
Which of the following is true with regard to the principles of behaviorism?	Understanding the causes of behavior requires looking at the environmental factors that produce them.
_____ is the ability to maintain attention to a selected stimulus for a prolonged period of time	sustained attention
In the context of memory processes, which of the following scenarios best illustrates the process of encoding information?	Deborah is watching a movie in the theater.
Your psychology assignment is to observe and list any behaviors of your relatives that indicate learning. Which of the following should be included on your list?	Your little brother whines whenever he wants something.
Which of the following is a difference between cross-sectional and longitudinal studies?	Cross-sectional studies assess people at one point in time, whereas longitudinal studies assess people over a long period of time
In the context of human development, _____ refers to the individual's environmental and social experiences.	nurture
Cognitive psychology studies all of the following EXCEPT	telepathy
Your roommate argues that computers can perform several complex tasks better and more accurately than humans. You counter her argument by mentioning that computers cannot _____, a task that only humans have the means to perform.	develop new learning goals
_____ refers to the process by which information gets into memory storage.	encoding
Learning that occurs when an organism makes a connection between two events is called	associative learning.
In a cross-sectional study related to developmental psychology,	a number of people are assessed at one point in time.
_____ refers to the retention of information or experience over time.	memory
Psychologists who examine learning from a behavioral perspective define learning as	the relatively stable, observable changes in a person’s actions.
_____ is a theory of learning that focuses solely on observable actions and responses.	Behaviorism
When using the computer as an analogy to explain the relationship between cognition and the brain, the brain is described as the computer's _____ and cognition is described as its _____.	hardware/software
The body's tendency to maintain an equilibrium, or steady state, is known as	homeostasis
Motivation is defined as	a process that guides us toward a goal or behavior.
According to psychologists, motivation involves which of the following factors?	physiological needs, thoughts, and feelings
Which of the following scenarios is most clearly explained by Maslow’s hierarchy?	Ezra must either walk to the closest village to get something to eat, or stay home, where he is safe. He chooses to walk to the village because he hasn’t eaten since breakfast and he is very hungry.
Which of the following scenarios is the best example of an incentive?	Greg wants to win the election so he puts a lot of energy into his campaign.
Which of the following scenarios is the best example of drive reduction?	Hamilton is thirsty so he drinks a glass of water.
motivation can involve what factors	social .emotional, cognitive
The feeling of hunger that initiates the act of opening a refrigerator for food best represents a(n)	drive.
According to drive reduction theory, the goal of drive reduction is	homeostasis.
The concept of _____ pertains to a psychological state, whereas _____ involves a physiological state.	drive/need
Motivated behavior is	energized, directed, and sustained
Which theorists introduced the theory of self-determination?	deci and ryan
Self-determination theory says that there are ______ basic intrinsic needs that are required for psychological growth and well-being.	3
Which of the following is NOT part of self-determination theory?	extroversion
The sense that we have choices and are in control of our own lives is known as	autonomy
_____ is a pattern of enduring, distinctive thoughts, emotions, and behaviors that characterize the way an individual adapts to the world.	Personality
Freud considered _____ to be the most important motivator of all human activity.	the sexual drive
According to Freud, the _____ operates according to the pleasure principle, whereas the _____ operates on the reality principle.	id/ego
According to Freud, the ego	deals with the demands of reality.
Which structure of personality did Freud refer to as the "it"?	id
Which of the following is NOT a belief of the psychodynamic perspectives of personality?	A person’s personality can be truly understood by focusing exclusively on his or her behavior.
Eating cookies gives Cookie Monster a great source of pleasure and satisfaction. Freud would say that his behavior reflects the fact that Cookie Monster is ruled by his	id
Freud thought that the human psyche is divided into	3 parts
Marisa wants to go out with her boyfriend but she has a big paper to write. According to Freud, which part of her psyche will try to balance her desire to be with her boyfriend with her responsibility to do her homework?	ego
The element of the psyche that might make you feel guilty if you steal your little sister’s allowance is your	superego.
Freud developed the psychoanalytic Correct theory.	psychoanalytic
The id reflects the ________ principle.	pleasure
According to Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, the ego abides by the _____ principle.	ego

What approach focuses on the body especially the brain and nervous system?

Biological psychology, also called physiological psychology, is the study of the biology of behavior; it focuses on the nervous system, hormones and genetics. Biological psychology examines the relationship between mind and body, neural mechanisms, and the influence of heredity on behavior.

What type of psychology focuses on the nervous system?

Biopsychology. Biopsychology is a branch of psychology focused on how the brain, neurons, and nervous system influence thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.

Which psychological perspective examines how the brain and the nervous system affect behavior?

Biopsychology is a branch of psychology that analyzes how the brain, neurotransmitters, and other aspects of our biology influence our behaviors, thoughts, and feelings.

Which kind of psychologist specializes in the study of the nervous system the brain and things like the relationship between sensations and emotions?

Experimental Psychologists: specialize in basic processes such as nervous system, sensation and perception, learning and memory. thought, motivation, and emotion. Industrial Psychologists: the relationships between people and work.

Which approach to psychology focuses on the body especially the brain and nervous system?

Understanding Brain Science and Cognitive Psychology

Brain Science and Cognitive Psychology Applied

Psychology

What approach focuses on the body especially the brain and nervous system?

What type of psychology focuses on the nervous system?

Which psychological perspective examines how the brain and the nervous system affect behavior?

Which kind of psychologist specializes in the study of the nervous system the brain and things like the relationship between sensations and emotions?

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